See the life of Lieoupang, or Kaoti, in the Hist. de la Chine, published at Paris, 1777, etc., tom. i. p. 442-522. This voluminous work is the translation (by the P. de Mailla) of the Tong-Kien-Sang-Mou, the celebrated abridgment of the great History of Semakouang (A.D. 1084) and his continuators.