Shinar
(country of two rivers), the ancient name of the great alluvial tract through which the Tigris and Euphrates pass before reaching
the sea—the tract known in later times as Chaldaea or Babylonia. It was a plain country, where brick had to be used for stone
and slime for mortar. (Genesis 11:3) Among the cities were Babel (Babylon), Erech or Orech (Orchoe), Calneh or Calno (probably Niffer), and Accad, the site of
which is unknown. It may be suspected that Shinar was the name by which the Hebrews originally knew the lower Mesopotamian
country where they so long dwelt, and which Abraham brought with him from “Ur of the Chaldees.”