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HISTORICAL SUMMARY.



From the fall of man, the promise of a restorer of the race was given and at intervals renewed; but it was open to the whole of mankind, "the seed of the woman," until the time of Abram, when it was restricted to his family, "in thy seed shall all the families of the earth be blessed." Abram, called by God to leave his native place Ur (at that time the capital of Chaldæa), retires to Haran, with his father and the rest of his family. On his father's death, five years later, he is again bidden to travel to the S.W., passes through Damascus, and reaches Shechem (in the centre of the land, in the pass between Ebal and Gerizim), where God meets him and makes a covenant. Pursuing his journey he stops at Beth-el, where God renews the covenant. He still goes southward till he reaches Egypt, whence he is bidden to return; and he retraces his steps to Beth-el, where Lot leaves him, after which God promises him the whole land. He then removes southward to Mamre, where Ishmael is born, circumcision instituted, Isaac promised by the angel, and the destruction of Sodom revealed. After that event Abraham removed to Beer-sheba, where he lived the last seventy-five years of his life. Here Isaac was born and spent all his days. Jacob, at seventy-seven years of age, fled to Padan-Aram, returning after twenty years; settled at Shechem, removed to Beer-sheba, and was driven by famine into Egypt, where his descendants remained 215 years. Moses, by God's command, led them to the wilderness of Sinai, where they received from God a code of laws,—social, political, and religious,—and a complete constitution, with civil and ecclesiastical officers. After forty years' training by God in the wilderness, they entered Canaan, conquering on their way the aboriginal inhabitants E. of Jordan, but sparing those akin to them. The extermination of the Canaanites from Palestine was miraculous, but incomplete, because of the lethargy of the invaders. The succeeding 400 years of occupation was a period of listless anarchy, both priests and people being faithless to the theocracy, content with the indolent enjoyment of an exuberant land, of which the surviving remnants of the Canaanites (Philistines), and the kindred tribes of Hebrews (Amalekites, Edomites, Moabites, Midianites) tried to dispossess them. This warfare continued, until David subjugated the latter and made the former peaceful subjects, and Israel obtained full inheritance of the promise from the River of Egypt to the Euphrates, a sovereignty which lasted till the end of Solomon's reign.

A civil rupture rent the kingdom in twain. Ten tribes revolting sought to consolidate a separate sovereignty by establishing a rival worship, of which the two great shrines were at Dan and Beth-el. This rapidly declined into Baalism, which attained its zenith under Ahab, and was punished first by incursions of the Syrians, and afterwards by the invasion of the Assyrians, who carried the people captive, and colonised the country with a mixed idolatrous race, who mingled their native worship with that of Israel. From these sprang the "Samaritans," who intermarried with some of the Jews, borrowed their rites, accepted the Pentateuch, and set up a false temple on Gerizim. The two tribes, 133 years later, were carried captive by the Babylonians; but after seventy years (B.C. 536), a portion of them returned, and rebuilt Jerusalem and the temple, the government being vested in a Persian Satrap, resident at Damascus.

As the faith of Abraham had been rewarded by the inheritance of Canaan, the unfaithfulness of his descendants had forfeited it, and they were all sent back to that heathen land "between the rivers," from which their progenitor was Divinely called; from which exile ten tribes never returned, but the remnant (principally of the tribe of Judah) came back, cured of idolatry, and looking hopefully for the restoration of their kingdom, and the birth of the promised seed.

As the early undivided monarchy produced the devotional books of Holy Scripture, the later monarchy brought forth the earlier, and the Captivity the later prophets, with warnings from the past, and encouragement for the future; but the glorious picture in which they represented the Messiah's kingdom raised a mistaken conception of a temporal sovereignty, which the oppression of successive tyrants (between the Captivity and the birth of Christ) was intended to correct. The fiery trial through which the people passed, and the new life which it evoked, are recorded in the Books of the Maccabees; while the moral decline of those who remained in exile, and their substitution of superstition for religion, are painfully exhibited in the Book of Esther, and those apocryphal narratives, which are valuable literary remains, but have been rejected from the Canon of Holy Scripture.

40

MIRACLES IN THE OLD TESTAMENT

In Egypt.

Aaron's rod turned into a serpent ................

In the Wilderness.

In Canaan.--Under Joshua.

Under the Kings.

Withering of Jeroboam's hand; and destruction of the altar at Beth-el....

By Elijah.

By Elisha.

Recorded" by Isaiah.

During Captivity.

Miscellaneous.

Exod. vii. 10--12.

20-25. viii. 5--14. 16-18. 20-24. ix. 3--6. 8--11. 22--26. x. 12-19. 21-23. xii. 29, 30.

-----xiV. 6, 21--31.

--- xv. 23-25.

-----xvi. 14--35.

-----xvii. 5--7.

Lev. x. 1, 2. Numb. xi. 1--3.

-----xvi. 31--35.

-----xvii. 8.

-----xx. 7--11.

-----xxi. 8, 9.

Josh. iii. 14--17.

vi. 6--25. x. 12--14.

2 Sam. vi. 7.

1 Kings xlii. 4--6.

-----Xvii. 14-16.

----- 17--24.

-----xviii.30--38.

2 Kings i. 10--12.

----- ii. 7, 8.

-----ii. 14.

----- 21,22.

___ 24.

-----iii. 16--20.

-----iv. 2-7.

___ 32__37

----- 38-41.

----- 42-44.

-----y. 10--14, 27.

--- vi. 5--7.

- 18-20. ----xiii. 21.

xix. 35. xx. 9--11.

Dan. iii. 19--27. -----vi. 16-23.

1 Sam. v. 3--12.

2 Chron. xxvi. 16--21. Jonah ii. 1--10.

The Ten Plagues:--
1. Water made blood....
2. Frogs....
3. Lice....
4. Flies....
5. Murrain....
6. Boils and blains....
7. Thunder and hail....
8. Locusts....
9. Darkness....
10. Firstborn slain....
Parting of the Red Sea....
The curing of the waters of Marah ....
Feeding with manna ....
Water from the rock, at Rephidim....
Death of Nadab and Abihu....
Burning of the congregation at Taberah....
Death of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, &c.... .
Budding of Aaron's rod, at Kadesh....
Water from the rock, at Meribah.... .
The brazen serpent....
Stoppage of the Jordan stream....
Fall of Jericho....
Staying of sun and moon ... *....
Death of Uzzah....
The stdying of the cHise of oil and meal at Zarephath.... ;
The raising of the widow's son at Zarephath....
The burning of the sacrifice on Mount Carmel....
Burning of the captains and their companies.... :
Dividing of Jordan....
Dividing of Jordan....
Cure of waters of Jericho ....
Destruction of mocking children at Beth-ei....
Supply of water to the allied armies in Moab....
Multiplication of the widow's oil....
Raising the Shunammite's son....
Healing the deadly pottage....
Feeding bne hundred men with twenty loaves ....
Cure of Naaman's leprosy, and its transfer to Gehazi ....
Making an iron axe swim....
Smiting the Syrian army....
Resurrection of dead man by touching Eüsha's bones ....
Destruction of Sennacherib's army....
Return of sun by the dial of Ahaz....
Deliverance of the three children from the fiery furnace....
Deliverance of Daniel from the lions....
Smiting of Philistines, and fall of Dagon....
Smiting of Uzziah with leprosy....
Deliverance of Jonah from the great fish....

41

PARABLES IN THE OLD TESTAMENT.

PARABLES.

By whom Spoken.

Reference.

The two brethren, and avengers of blood . Escaped captive............Vineyard and grapes..........

Lions' whelps.............The boiling pot............

Paeabolic Fables.

Micaiah's vision...........Thistle and cedar...........

Widow of Tekoah.......Son of the prophets to Ahab . . Isaiah to Judah and Jerusalem .

Jotham to Shechemites ....

2 Sam. xii. 1—1. ----- xiv. 1—11. 1 Kings xx. 35—40. Isaiah v. 1—7. Ezek. xvii. 3—10. ----- xix. 2—9. ----- xxiv. 3—5.

Judg. ix. 7—15. 1 Kings xxii. 19—23. 2 Kings xiv. 9.

OUR LORD'S MIRACLES.

Miracles.

I. Narrated only in one Gospel.

Two blind men healed....... . . .

A dumb demoniac healed.........

Stater in the mouth of the fish.......

The deaf and dumb man healed ......

A blind man healed...........

When Christ passed unseen through the multitude...............

Draught of fish.............

Raising the widow's son.........

Healing the woman with an infirmity ....

„ „ man with the dropsy......

„ „ ten lepers..........

„ „ ear of Malchus, servant of the high priest........

Turning water into wine.........

Healing the nobleman's son (of fever ) . . . „ „ impotent man at Bethesda . . . „ „ man born blind........

Raising of Lazarus...........

Draught of fish .............

II. Narrated in two Gospels.

Healing the daughter of the Syrophoenician . Feeding the four thousand ........

Cursing the fig tree...........

Healing the centurion's servant (of palsy) . .

The blind and dumb demoniac......

The demoniac in a synagogue .„...,..

III.  Narrated in three Gospels.

Stilling the storm ............

The legion of devils entering the swine . . . Healing Jairus' daughter.........

„ the woman with an issue of blood .

„ „ man sick of the palsy . . . . .

„ „ leperl............

,, Peter's mother-in-law......

„ the man with a withered hand . . .

„ demoniac child.........

„ blind Bartimaeus ........

Walking on the sea...........

IV.  Narrated in four Gospels. Feeding the five thousand........

Locality.

Capernaum,

99

Decapolis Bethsaida

Nazareth Bethsaida Nain . . Jerusalem

Samaria

Gethsemane Cana . . .

Jerusalem

Bethany . Bethsaida

Tyre .... Gennesaret (?). Mount of Olives Capernaum. . Galilee . . . Capernaum. .

Sea of Galilee Gadara . . Capernaum. Gennesaret. Capernaum. Gennesaret. Bethsaida . Capernaum. Mount Tabor (?) Jericho . . Sea of Galilee

Bethsaida (Julias)

Matt.

ix. ix.

xvii.

XV.

XV.

xxi. viii. xii.

viii. viii.

ix.

ix.

ix. viii. viii.

xii. xvii.

XX.

xiv.

xiv.

Mark.

vii. viii.

vii.

viii.

xi.

l.

iv. v.

V.

y. ii. i. i.

iii. ix. x. vi.

vi.

Luke.

iv.

v. vii. xiii. xiv. xvii.

xxii.

vii.

xi.

iv.

viii. viii. viii. viii.

v.

y.

iv.

yi.

ix. xviii.

ix.

John.

ii. iv. v. ix. xi. xxi.

vi.

vi.

B3

42

OUR LORD'S PARABLES.

Paeables.

Locality.

Matt,

Make.

Luke.

Lessons.

I. Recorded in one Gospel only.

 

 

 

 

 

The tares.........

Gennesaret. .

xiii.

 

 

Good and evil in life and judgment.

The hid treasure......

 

xiii.

 

 

 

 

 

Value of Gospel.

The goodly pearl......

 

xiii.

 

 

 

 

•

Christian seeking salvation.

The draw net........

 

xiii.

 

 

 

 

 

Visible Church of Christ.

The unmerciful servant . . .

Capernaum .

xviii.

 

 

 

 

 

Danger of ingratitude.

The labourers in the vineyard.

Jerusalem . .

XX.

 

 

 

 

•

Call at various epochs.

The two sons........

 

xxi.

 

 

 

 

 

Insincerity and repentance.

The marriage of the king's son

Mount of Olives

xxii.

 

 

 

 

 

Need of righteousness.

The ten virgins.......

 

XXV.

 

 

 

 

* •

Watchful and careless profession.

The ten talents.......

 

XXV.

 

 

 

 

 

Use of advantages.

The sheep and goats. .. . . .

 

XXV.

 

 

 

 

 

Final separation of good and bad.

The seed growing secretly . .

Gennesaret. .

 

iv

 

 

•

Gradual growth of religion.

The householder......

 

 

Xlil.

 

 

The two debtors......

Galilee . . .

 

 

vii.

Gratitude for pardon.

The good Samaritan.....

Jerusalem . .

 

 

X.

Compassion to suffering.

The friend at midnight....

 

 

 

XI.

Perseverance in prayer.

The rich fool........

 

 

 

 

xii.

Worldly-mindedness.

The -wedding feast......

 

 

 

 

xii.

Vigilance towards Second Advent.

The wise steward......

 

 

 

 

xii.

Conscientiousness in trust.

The barren fig tree .....

 

 

 

 

xiii.

"Unprofitableness under grace.

The great supper......

 

 

 

 

XIV.

Universality of Divine call.

The piece of money.....

 

 

 

 

XV.

Joy over penitence.

The prodigal sdn......

 

 

 

 

XV.

Fatherly love to penitent son.

The unjust steward.....

 

 

 

 

XVI.

Preparation for eternity.

The rich man and Lazarus . .

 

 

 

 

xvi.

Becompence of future life.

The unprofitable servants . .

 

 

 

 

xvii.

God's claim to all our services.

The unjust judge......

 

 

 

 

XVlll.

Advantage of persevering prayer.

The Pharisee and publican . .

 

 

 

 

xviii.

Self-righteousness and humility.

 

 

 

 

 

XIX.

Diligence rewarded, sloth punished.

II. Recorded in two Gospels.

 

 

 

 

 

House on rock and sand . . .

Galilee . . .

vii.

 

vi.

Consistent and false profession.

The leaven.........

Gennesaret. .

xiii.

 

viii.

Pervading influence of religion.

 

Jerusalem . .

xviii.

• •

XV.

Joy over penitent.

III. Recorded in three Gospels.

 

 

 

 

 

New cloth and old garment. .

Capernaum .

ix.

ii.

V.

New doctrine on old prejudices.

New wine in old bottles . . .

 

ix.

ii.

V.

New spirit in unregenerate heart.

The sower.........

Gennesaret. .

mi.

iv.

vm.

Hearers divided into classes.

The mustard seed......

 

xiii.

iv.

xiii.

Spread of Gospel.

The wicked husbandmen . . .

Jerusalem . .

XXI.

XII.

XX.

Eejection of Christ by Jews.

The fig tree and all the trees .

Mount of Olives

xxiv.

 

xii

i.

 

xxi.

Indications of Second Advent.

N.B.—These miracles and parables are grouped according to their record by the Evangelists; for their chronological position reference must be made to tlie "Harmony."

42

43

THE NAMES, TITLES, AND OFFICES OF CHRIST.

Adam, the Second, 1 Cor. 15. 45, 47, Advocate, an, 1 John 2.1.

Alpha and Omega, Rev. 1. 8; 22; 13. Amen, Rev. 3.14.                                  * s

Author and Finisher of our faith, Heb: 12. 2. Author of eternal salvation, Heb. 5. 9.

Beginning of the creation of God, Rev. 3.14. Blessed and only Potentate, 1 Tim. 6.15. Branch, Zech. 3. 8; 6.12. Bread of God, John 6. 33. Bread of Life, John 6. 35.

Captain of Salvation, Heb. 2.10.

Child, Holy, Acts 4; 27. Child, Little, Isa. 11. 6.

Christ, the, Matt. 16.16; Mark 8. 29; Luke 9. 20:

John 6. 69.

Corner-stone, Eph. 2. 20; 1 Pet. 2. 6. Counsellor, Isa. 9. 6.

David, Jer. 30. 9; Ezek. 34. 23; 37. 24; Hos. 3. 5. David, Son of, Matt. 9. 27; 21. 9. Day-spring, Luke 1. 78. Deliverer, Rom. 11. 26. Desire of all nations, Hag. 2. 7.

Emmanuel, Isa. 7.14; Matt. 1. 23. Everlasting Father, Isa. 9. 6.

Faithful witness, Rev. 1. 5; 3.14. First and Last, Rev. 1.17.

7 First-begotten of the dead, Rev. 1. 5.

God, Isa. 40. 9; John 20. 28; 1 John 5. 20.

God blessed for ever, Rom. 9. 5.

Good Shepherd, John 10.11.

Governor, Matt. 2. 6.

Great High Priest, Heb. 4.14.

High Priest, Heb. 5.10.

Holy child Jesus, Acts 4. 27. Holy, the most, Dan. 9. 24.

Holy One, Luke 4. 34; Acts 3.14; Rev. 3, 7.

10 Holy Thing, Luke 1. 35. Horn of Salvation, Luke 1. 69.

I AM, Ex. 3.14, with John 8. 58. Image of God, 2 Cor. 4. 4.

Jehovah, Isa. 26. 4.

Jesus, Matt. 1. 21; 1 Thess. 1.10.

HJust One, Acts 3.14; 1. 52; 22. 14.

King of Israel, John 1. 49.

King of the Jews, Matt. 2. 2.

Xinflr of Icings, 1 Tim. 6.15; Rev. 17.14; 19.16.

Lamb of God, John 1.29, 36.

Lawgiver. Isa. 33. 22.

Life, the, John 14. 6.

Life, Bread of, John 6. 35.

Light of the world, John 8.12; 9. 5.

Light, True, John 1. 9; 12. 35.

Lion of the tribe ofJudah, Rev. 5. 5. Living stone, 1 Pet; 2. 4. Lord, Matt, 3. 3; Mark 11. 3. Lord God, Almighty, Rev; 15.3; 12 — of Holy Prophets, Rev. 22. 6. Lord of all, Acts 10r36. Lord of Glory, 1 Cor. 2. 8. Lord of lords, 1 Tim. 6.15; Rev. 17.14; 19.16. Lord our Bighteousness, Jer. 23. 6.

Maker and Preserver of all things, John 1. 3, 10;

1 Cot. 8. 6; Col. 1.16; Heb. 1. 2,10; Rev. 4.11. Mediator, 1 Tim. 2. 5.

13 Mediator of the new covenant, Hefa. 12. 24. Messiah, Dan. 9. 25; John 1. 41.

Mighty God, Isa. 9. 6.

Mighty One of Jacob, Isa. 60.16.

Morning star, Rev. 22.16.

Nazarene, Matt; 2. 23.

Passover, Our, 1 Cor. 5. 7. Priest for ever, Heb. 5. 6. Prince, Acts 5. 31. Prince of Life; Acts 3.15. Prince of Peace, Isa. 9. 6;

14 prince of the Mngs of the earth, Rev. 1. 5. Prophet, Deut. 18.15; Luke 24.19.

Redeemer; Job 19. 25; Isa. 59. 20.

Righteous, the, 1 John 2.1.

Boot and offspring of David, Rev. 22.16.

Boot of David, Rev. 5. 5.

Buler in Israel, Mic. 5. 2.

Same yesterday, to day, and for ever, Heb. 13. 8. Saviour, Luke 2.11; Acts 5. 31. Shepherd and Bishop of souls, 1 Pet. 2. 25. Shepherd in the land, Zech. 11.16. Shepherd of the sheep, Great, Heb. 13. 20. Shiloh, Gen. 49.10. Son, a, Heb. 3. 6.

15 Son, My beloved, Matt. 3.17; 17. 5; Luke 9. 35. Son of David, Matt. 9. 27; 21. 9.

Son of God, Matt. 8. 29; Luke 1. 35.

Son of Man, Matt. 8. 20; John 1. 51; Acts 7. 56.

lQSon of the Highest, Luke 1. 32.

Son, Only-begotten, John 1; 14,18; 3.16,18.

Son, the, Ps. 2.12.

Star and Sceptre, Num. 24.17.

W Star, bright and mornings Rev. 22.16.

Truth, the, John 14. 6.

Vine, the, John 15. 5. Vine, true, John 15.1.

Way, John 14. 6.

Witness, faithful and true, Rev. 3.14.

Wonderful, Isa. 9. 6.

Word, John 1.1.

Word of God, Rev. 19.13.

K.B.—In the Kevised New Testament, 1881 > the lines to which figures are prefixed

are given as follows :—

1 The Alpha and the Omega. 2 Author and Perfecter. 3 Author of Salvation. 4 Holy Servant. 5 The Holy One of God (John 6. 69). 6 Immanuel. 7 Firstborn. 8 Holy Servant Jesus. 9 Holy and Righteous One (Acts 3. 14) • He that is holy (Rev. 3. 7). 10 (In margin only.) 11 Bighteous One. 12 The Lord, the God of the Spirits of the Prophets. 13 Mediator of a new covenant. 1± Buler of the kings of the earth. 15 My Son, My chosen (Luke 9. 35). 16 Son of the Most High, 17 The bright, the morning Star.

44

PROPHECIES RELATING TO CHRIST.

Adoration by Magi, Ps. 72.10,15; Isa. 60. 3, 6. Advent, Gen. 3.15; Deut. 18.15; Ps. 89. 20; Isa. 2.

2; 9. 6; 28. 16; 32. 1; 35. 4; 42. 6; 49. 1; 55. 4;

Ezek. 34. 24; Dan. 2. 44; Mic. 4.1; Zech. 3. 8. Advent, time of, Gen. 49. 10; Num. 24.17; Dan. 9.

24; Hag. 2. 7; Mai. 3.1. . Ajfbension and exaltation, Ps. 16.11; 24.7; 68.18;

110.1; 118.19. Betrayal for thirty pieces, Zech. 11.12.

„ by own friend, Ps. 41. 9; 55.13. Betrayer's death, Ps. 55.15, 23; 109.17. Bone not to be brojcen, Ps. 34. 20. Burial ivith the rich, Isa. 53. 9. Casting lots for vesture, Ps. 22.18. Conversion of Gentiles, Isa. 11.10; 42.1. Crucifixion, 'Ps. 22.14,17. Death with malefactors, Isa. 53.9,12.

„ in prime of life, Ps. 89. 45; 102. 24.

„ attested by convulsions of nature, Amos 5.

20; 8. 9; Zech. 14. 4, 6. Descent into Egypt, Hos. 11.1. Desertion by disciples, Zech. 13. 7. Divinity, Ps. 2. 11; 45. 7; 72. 8; 110.1; Isa. 9i 6;

25. 9; 40.10; Jer. 23. 6; Mic. 5. 2; Mai. 3.1. Dominion universal and everlasting, Ps. 72-. 8;

Isa. 9. 7 ; Dan. 7.14.

False accusation. Ps. 27.12; 35.11; 109. 2. Forerunner of Christ, Isa. 40. 3; Mai. 3.1; 4. 5. Galilee, ministry in, Isa. 9.1, 2. Gall and vinegar, offer of, Ps. 69. 21. Generation, human, Gen. 12. 3; 18. 18; 21. 12;

22.18; 26. 4; 28.14; 49.10; Ps. 18. 50; 89. 4, 29,

36; 132.11; Isa. 11.1; Jer. 23. 5; 33.15. Insult, buffeting, spitting, scourging, Ps. 35. 15,

21; Isa. 50. 6.

Massacre of Innocents, Jer. 31.15. Miraculous power, Isa. 35. 5. Mission, Gen. 12. 3; 49.10; Num. 24.19; Deut. 18.

18; Ps. 21.1; Isa. 59. 20; Jer. 33.16. Mocking, Ps. 22.16; 109. 25. Nativity, place of, Num. 24.17,19; Mic. 5.2.

„ from virgin, Gen. 3.15; Isa. 7.14; Jer.

31. 22.

Patience under suffering, Isa. 53. 7, 9. Persecution, Ps. 22. 6; 35. 7,12; 109. 2; Isa. 49.7;

53 3

Piercing, Ps. 22.16; Zech. 12.10; 13. 6. Prayer for enemies, Ps. 109. 4. Preacher, Ps. 2. 7; Isa. 2. 3; 61.1; Mic. 4. 2. Priest like Melchizedek, Ps. 110. 4. Prophet like Moses, Deut. 18.15. Purchase of potter's field, Zech. 11.13. Purification of temple, Ps. 69. 9. Rejection by Jews and Gentiles, Ps. 2.1; 22.12;

41.5. Resurrection, Ps. 16. 10; 30. 3; 41. 10; 118. 17;

Hos. 6.2.

Silence against accusation, Ps. 38.13; Isa. 53. 7. Spiritual graces, Ps. 45. 7; Isa. 11. 2; 42.1; 61.1. Triumphal entry into Jerusalem, Ps. 8. 2; Zech.

9.9. Vicarious suffering, Isa. 53.4—6,12; Dan. 9.26.

EECOEDED APPEAEANCES OF CHEIST AETEE

HIS EESUEEECTIOK

Befoee Ascension.

1. To Mary Magdalene..........

2. To other women from Galilee......

3. To two Disciples............

4. To Peter...............

5. To ten Apostles............

6. To eleven Apostles (with Thomas).....

7. To seven Apostles fishing........

8. To five hundred brethren at once (1 Cor. xv.)

9. To James the Less (1 Cor. xv.)......

10. To eleven Apostles and others......

After Ascension.

11. To Stephen at his martyrdom (Acts vii. 56.) .

12. To Paul at his conversion (1 Cor. xv.) . . .

13. To the Apostle John (Rev. i.).......

Time.

His resurrection .

Sunday after . „ Week following .

TT P        * ' '

Unknown. . . Ascension Day.

Lord's Day . . .

Place.

Garden. Jerusalem. Emmaus. Jerusalem. Upper room.

Tiberias.

Jerusalem. Bethany.

Jerusalem. Damascus. Patmos.

44

45

SPECIAL PRAYERS.

Scripture Names.

Recorded.

Subjects.

Aaron and priests. .

Num. 6. 22—26..

The Aaronic blessing of Israel.

 

Gen. 15.2. ...

For a son.

Abraham.....

— 17.17,18. .

For Ishmael's acceptance.

 

— 18.23. . .

For mercy on Sodom.

Abraham's servant.

— 24.12. . .

Success in his mission, when sent to find a wife for Isaac.

 

Prov. 30.1. . .

For moderation in his desires.^

Apostles. ....

Acts 1.24. . .

On choosing an apostle.

 

2Chr. 14.11. . .

When going to battle with Zerah the Ethiopian.

 

Dan. 9.4. . . .

For the restoration of Jerusalem.

 

2 Sam. 7.18. . .

Prayer for a blessing on his house.

 

Ps. 51.....

After his sin with Bath-sheba.

David......

2 Sam. 24.17. .

After numbering the people.

 

1 Chr. 29.10—19.

Thanksgiving at close of life.

Early Church. . .

Acts 4. 24. . . .

For support under persecution.

Elijah......

1 Kin. 17. 20..

•

For the restoration of the widow's son.

Elijah......

— 18. 36..

•

For Divine attestation of his mission.

Elijah......

— 19.4. .

•

For death.

Elisha......

2 Kin. 6.17. .

•

For his servant's eyes to be opened.

 

- 18. .

 

That the army sent to take him may be blinded.

 

Ezek. 9. 8. . . .

Intercession for the people.

 

Ezra 9.6. . . .

Confession of sin in the people's alliances with the heathen.

Habakkuk. . . .

Hab. 3.1—16. .

For revival of God's work.

Hannah.....

1 Sam. 1.11. . .

For the gift of a son.

Hezekiah.....

2 Kin. 19.15; Is.

in ift

For protection against Sennacherib.

Hezekiah. ....

61. 10.

— 20.3; Is. 38. 3.

When dangerously ill.

Hezekiah.....

2 Chr. 30.18. . .

For the unprepared who had eaten of the passover.

 

Deut.21. 6—8. .

Expiation of undiscovered murder.

 

— 26. 5-10.

Confession on presenting firstfruits.

 

- 13-15.

The prayer of the tithing year.

 

IChr. 4.10. . .

For the Divine blessing.

Jacob......

Gen. 32. 9....

For deliverance from Esau.

Jehoshaphat. . . .

2 Chr. 20. 6. . .

For protection against the armies of the Moabites and

Jeremiah. ....

Jer. 14. 7. . . .

xxIIllllUill Lt/b»

In a great famine.

Jeremiah. ....

— 15.15-18. .

For comfort.

 

Matt. 11. 25, 26..

Thanksgiving.

 

John 11. 41, 42. .

Thanksgiving for the Father's acceptance of His prayer.

«j oolXS* • t • • • •

— 12.27. . .

Imploring His Father's aid.

ti t?oLiS» ••••••

— 17. ...

For Himself, His apostles, and all believers. For unity.

 

Matt. 26.39; Lk.

99 AO

Under suffering in Gethsemane.

Jesus.......

AL. 4Z.

Luke 23. 34. . .

For His murderers.

 

Matt. 27. 46. . .

Under suspension of Divine consolation.

 

Jonah 2. 2. . .

For deliverance from the great fish.

 

Josh. 7. 7—9.. .

After Achan's sin.

 

Neh. 9. 5. . . .

Confession of God's goodness, and their nation's sins.

Lord's prayer. . .

Matt. fi. 9; Luke

11 O

The model of supplication for relief of human needs.

 

11. £>.

Judg. 13. 8, 9. .

For Divine guidance in training his child.

Moses......

Ex. 32.11; Deut.

n oft

Forgiveness for the people's idolatry.

Moses......

y. zo.

™— oo. J.Z. ...

For the Divine presence.

Moses......

Num. 10. 35, 36..

At the setting forth and stopping of the ark.

 

— 11. 11—15.

For Divine help to govern the Israelites.

 

— 12.13. . .

For Miriam, for cure from leprosy.

 

— 14. 13-19.

For the people disappointed at the spies' report.

 

- 27.15. . .

For a successor.

 

Deut. 3. 24.

 

To enter Canaan.

Nehemiah.....

Neh. 1.5. .

 

For the remnant in captivity.

Nehemiah.....

- 4,4. .

 

For protection against Sanballat and Tobiah.

Penitent thief. . .

Luke 23. 42.

 

To be remembered by Jesus.

Pharisee's prayer. .

— 18.11.

 

Thanksgiving for his own righteousness.

Publican's prayer. .

— 18.13.

 

For Divine mercy.

 

Judg. 16. 28. . .

To be avenged on his enemies.

Solomon.....

1 Kin. 3. 5-9. .

For wisdom to govern Israel.

Solomon.....

1 Kin. 8. 23: 2

C\v ft. Id.

Dedication of temple.

 

L*nr. d. 14. Acts 7. 59, 60. .

Commendation of his soul; forgiveness of his murderers.

 

45

46

ALPHABETICAL TABLE OF THE FIRST LINE OF EACH PSALM.

APsalm
As the hart panteth after the water brooks .... 42
B
Behold, bless ye the Lord .... 134
Behold, how good and how pleasant.... 133
Be merciful unto me, 0 G-od, be merciful.... 57
Be merciful unto me, O God: for man.... 5fi
Blessed are the undefiled in the way .... 119
Blessed be the Lord my strength .... 144
Blessed is every one that feareth .... 128
Blessed is he that considereth the poor.... 41
Blessed is he whose transgression .... 32
Blessed is the man that walketh not.... 1
Bless the Lord, O my soul: and all .... 103
Bless the Lord, 0 my soul. O Lord.... 104
Bow down thine ear, O Lord.... 88
By the rivers of Babylon.... 137
C Consider mine affliction.... (ver. 153) 119
D
Deal bountifully with.... (ver. 17) 119
Deliver me from mine enemies.... 59
Deliver me, O Lord, from the evil man .... 140
Do ye indeed speak righteousness.... 58
E
Except the Lord build the house.... 127
F
For ever, O Lord, thy word.... (yer. 89) 119
Fret not thyself because of evildoers .... 37
G
Give ear, 0 my people, to my law.... 78
Give ear, O Shepherd of Israel .... 80
Give ear to my prayer, O God.... 55
Give ear to my words, O Lord.... 5
Give the king thy judgments, O God .... 72
Give unto the Lord, 0 ye mighty .... 29
God be merciful unto us, and bless us.... 67
God is our refuge and strength --.... 46
God standeth in the congregation.... 82
Great is the Lord, and greatly.... 48
H
Have mercy upon me, O God .... 51
Hear me when I call, O God .... 4
Hear my cry, O God.... 61
Hear my prayer, O Lord, and let.... 102
Hear my prayer, O Lord, give ear .... 143
Hear my voice, O God.... 64
Hear the right, O Lord .... 17
Hear this, all ye people .... 49
Help, Lord; for the godly man ceaseth.... 12
He that dwelleth in the secret place.... 91
His foundation is in the holy .... 87
Hold not thy peace, O God of my praise.... 119
How amiable are thy tabernacles.... 84
How long wilt thou forget me, O Lord.... 13
I
I cried unto God with my voice .... 77
I cried unto the Lord with my voice .... 142
I cried with my whole heart.... (ver. 145) 119
If it had not been the Lord .... 124
I hate vain thoughts .... (ver. 113) 119
I have done judgment.... (ver. 121) 119
I love the Lord, because he hath heard .... 116
In Judah is God known.... 76
In my distress I cried unto the Lord .... 120
In thee, O Lord, do I put my trust; let me never be ashamed.... 31
In thee, O Lord, do I put my trust: let me never be put to confusion.... 71
In the Lord put I my trust .... 11
I said, I will take heed to my ways .... 39
It is a good thing to give thanks .... 92
I waited patiently for the Lord .... 40
I was glad when they said unto me.... 122
I will bless the Lord at all times .... 34
I will extol thee, my God, O king.... 145
I will extol thee, O "Lord .... 30
I will lift up mine eyes unto the hills.... 121
I will love thee, O Lord, my strength .... 18
I will praise thee, O Lord.... 9
I will praise thee with my whole heart.... 138
I will sing of mercy and judgment.... 101
I will sing of the mercies of the Lord.... 89
J
Judge me, O Lord.... 26
Judge me,O God, and plead my cause .... 43
K Keep not thou silence, O God.... 83
L
Let God arise, let his enemies.... 68
Let my cry come near before.... (ver. 169) 119
Let thy mercies come also.... (ver. 41) 119
Lord, how are they increased that.... 3
Lord, I cry unto thee: make haste .... 141
Lord, my heart is not haughty ...".... 131
Lord, remember David .... 132
Lord, thou hast been favourable.... 85
Lord, thou hast been our dwelling place.... 90
Lord, who shall abide in thy tabernacle.... 15
M
Make a joyful noise unto God.... 66
Make a joyful noise unto the Lord .... 100
Make haste, O God, to deliver me.... 70
Many a time have they afflicted me .... 129
My God, my God, why hast thou .... 22
My heart is inditing a good matter.... 45
My soul cleaveth unto the dust.... (ver. 25) 119
My soul fainteth.... (ver. 81) 119
N Not unto us, O Lord, not unto us.... 115
O
O clap your hands, all ye people.... 47
O come, let us sing unto the Lord.... 95
O give thanks unto the Lord; call upon.... 105
O give thanks unto the Lord, for he is.... 107
O give thanks unto the Lord; for he is .... 118
O give thanks unto tbe Lord; for he is .... 136
O God, my heart is fixed.... 108
O God, the heathen are come into.... 79
O God, thou art my God.... 63
O God, thou hast cast us off.... 60
O God, why hast thou cast us off for ever.... 74

47

QUOTATIONS FROM OLD TESTAMENT IN NEW TESTAMENT.

Psalm
0 how love I tby law .... (ver. 97) 119
O Lord God of my salvation.... 88
O Lord God, to whom vengeance .... 94
O Lord my God, in thee do I put .... 7
O Lord our Lord, how excellent is thy.... 8
O Lord, rebuke me not in thine anger.... 6
O Lord, rebuke me not in thy wrath .... 38
O Lord, thou hast searched me.... 139
0 praise the Lord, all ye nations.... 117
O sing unto the Lord a new song; for.... 98
0 sing unto the Lord a new song; sing .... 96
Out of the depths have I cried.... 130
P
Plead my cause, O Lord.... 35
Praise waiteth for thee, O God.... 65
Praise ye the Lord. Blessed is the man.... 112
Praise ye the Lord: for it is good .... 147
Praise ye the Lord. I will praise .... Ill
Praise ye the Lord, 0 give thanks .... 106
Praise ye the Lord. Praise God .... 150
Praise ye the Lord. Praise, O ye .... 113
Praise ye the Lord. Praise the Lord.... 146
Praise ye the Lord. Praise ye the Lord.... 148
Praise ye the Lord. Praise ye the name.... 335
Praise ye the Lord. Sing unto the Lord.... 149
Preserve me, O God: for in thee.... 16
Princes have persecuted me.... (ver. 161) 119
R
Rejoice in the Lord, 0 ye righteous .... 33
Remember the word.... (ver. 49) 119
Righteous art thou, O Lord .... (ver. 137) 119
S
Save me, O God, by thy name.... 54
Save me, O God; for the waters.... 69
Sing aloud unto God our strength.... 81
T
Teach me, O Lord, the way .... (ver. 33) 119
The earth is the Lord's, and the fulness.... 24
The fool hath said in his heart, There is .... 14
The fool hath said in his heart, There is.... 53
The heavens declare the glory pf God.... 19
The king shall joy in thy strength.... 21
The Lord hear thee in the day.... 20
The Lord is my light and my salyation.... 27
The Lord is my shepherd .... --.... 23
The Lord reigneth, he is clothed.... 93
The Lord reigneth; let the earth.... 97
The Lord reigneth; let the people.... 99
The Lord said untoony Lord.... 110
The mighty God, even the Lord.... 50
The transgression qf the wicked saith.... 36
They that trust in the Lord .... 125
Thou art my portion, O Lord.... (ver. 57) 119
Thou hast dealt well .... (ver. 65) 119
Thy hands have made me .... (ver. 73} 119
Thy testimonies are wonderful.... (ver. 129) 119
Thy word is a lamp.... (ver. 105) 119
Truly God is good to Israel .... 73
Truly my soul waiteth upon God .... 62
U
Unto thee lift I up mine eyes.... 123
Unto thee, O God, do we give thanks .... 75
Unto thee, O Lord, do I lift up my soul .... 25
Unto thee will I cry, O Lord, my rqck.... 28
W
We have heard with our ears, O God .... 44
When Israel went out of Egypt .... 114
When the Lord turned again .... 126
Wherewithal shall a young man.... (ver. 9) 119
Why boastest thou thyself in mischief.... 52
Why do the heathen rage.... 2
Why standest thou afar off, O Lord.... 10

A LIST OF QUOTATIONS FEOM THE OLD TESTAMENT IN THE NEW TESTAMENT.

MATTHEW.
Behold, a virgin shall be with child.... 1. 23.--Is. 7.14.
Thou Bethlehem, in the land of Juda.... 2. 6.--Micah 5.2.
Out of Egypt have I called my son.... 2.15.--Hos. 11.1.
In Rama was there a voice heard.... 2.18.--Jer. 31.15.
The voice of one crying in the wilderness.... 3.3.--Is. 40. 3.
Man shall not live by bread alone.... 4.4.--Deut. 8.3.
He shall give his angels charge.... 4.6.--Ps. 91.11,12.
Thou shalt not tempt the Lord .... 4. 7--Deut. 6.16.
Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God.... 4.10.--Deut. 6.13.
The land of Zabulon, and the land of Nephthalim.... 4.15,16.-Is. 9.1, 2; 42.7.
Thou shalt not kill .... 5.21.--Ex. 20.13.
Thou shalt not commit adultery.... 5.27--Ex. 20.14.
Whosoever shall put away his wife .... 5.31.--Deut. 24.1.
Thou shalt not forswear thyself .... 5. 33--Lev. 19.12.
An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth .... 5.38.--Ex. 21. 24.
Thou shalt love thy neighbour.... 5.43.--Lev. 19.18.
Be ye therefore perfect.... 5.48.--Gen. 17.1.
Depart... ye that work iniquity.... 7. 23.--Ps. 6.8.
Himself took our infirmities .... 8.17.--Is. 53. 4.
I will have mercy, and not sacrifice.... 9.13; 12. 7.--Hos. 6. 6.
Behold, I send my messenger .... 11.10--Mai. 3.1.
Behold my servant, whom I have chosen.... 12.18-21.--Is. 42.1-4.
By hearing ye shall hear, and shall not understand .... 13.14,15.--Is. 6. 9,10.
I will open my mouth in parables .... 13.35.--Ps. 78.2.
Honour thy father and mother .... 15.4--Ex. 20.12.
He that curseth father or mother.... 15.4.--Ex. 21.17.

48

QUOTATIONS FROM OLD TESTAMENT IN NEW TESTAMENT.

MATTHEW (cont).

I will smite the shepherd 26. 31.--Zech. 13. 7.

This people draweth nigh unto me.... 15. 8, 9.--Is. 29.13.
He ... made them male and female .... 19. 4.--Gen. 1.27.
For this cause shall a man leave father and mother .... 19. 5.--Gen. 2. 24.
Thou shalt do no murder.... 19.18.--Ex. 20.13.
Honour thy father and thy mother .... 19.19.--Ex. 20.12.
Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself 19.19.--Lev. 19.18.
Tell ye the daughter of Sion, Behold.... 21.5.--Is. 62.11; Zech.9.9.
Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.... 21.9.--Ps. 118.26.
My house shall be called the house of prayer .... 21.13.--Is. 56. 7.
Ye have made it a den of thieves.... 21.13.--Jer. 7.11.
Out of the mouth of babes .... 21.16.--Ps. 8.2.
The stone which the builders rejected .... 21. 42.--Ps. 118. 22,23.
If a man die, having no children.... 22.24.--Deut. 25. 5.
I am the God of Abraham.... 22. 32.--Ex. 3.6.
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God.... 22. 37.--Deut. 6. 5.
Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.... 22.39.--Lev. 19.1&
The Lord said... Sit thou on my right hand.... 22.44.--Ps. 110.1.
Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord .... 23. 39.--Ps. 118. 26.
And they took the thirty pieces of silver .... 27.9,10--Zech. 11.12,13.
They parted my garments.... 27. 35--Ps. 22.18.
My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?.... 27.46.--Ps. 22.1.

MARK.

Behold, I send my messenger .... 1.2.--Mal. 3.1.
Prepare ye the way of the Lord .... 1. 3--Is. 40. 3.
Seeing they may see, and not perceive.... 4.12.--Is. 6. 9,10.
This people honoureth me with their lips.... 7. 6, 7.--Is. 29.13.
Honour thy father and mother .... 7.10.--Ex. 20.12.
Whoso curseth father or mother .... 7.10.--Ex. 21.17.
Where their worm dieth not .... 9. 44.--Is. 66. 24.
God made them male and female .... 10. 6.--Gen. 1.27.
They twain shall be one flesh.... 10. 7, 8--Gen. 2. 24.
Do not commit adultery, Do not kill .... 10.19.--Ex. 20.13,14T
Hosanna; Blessed is he that cometh.... 11. 9.--Ps. 118.26.
My house shall be called ... house of prayer .... 11.17.--Is. 56. 7.
Ye have made it a den of thieves.... 11.17.--Jer. 7.11.
The stone which the builders rejected .... 12.10,11.--Ps. 118.22, 33.
If a man's brother die, and leave.... 12.19.--Deut. 25. 5.
I am the God of Abraham.... 12.26.--Ex. 3. 6.
The Lord our God is one Lord.... 12.29.--Deut. 6. 4.
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God.... 12. 30.--Deut. 6. 5.
Thou shalt love thy neighbour.... 12.31.--Lev. 19.18.
The Lord said to my Lord, Sit thou, &c.... 12. 36--Ps. 110.1.
I will smite the shepherd.... 14.27.--Zech. 13. 7.
He was numbered with the transgressors .... 15.28.--Is. 53.12.
My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?.... 15. 34.--Ps.22.1.

LUKE.

Do not commit adultery, Do not kill .... 18.20--Ex.20.12-16.

JOHN.

To turn the hearts of the fathers .... 1.17--Mai. 4.6.
Every male that openeth the womb.... 2. 23.--Ex. 13. 2,12.
A pair of turtledoves, &c.... 2.24.--Lev. 12.8.
The voice of one crying in the wilderness .... 3.4-6.--Is. 40.3-5.
Man shall not live by bread alone.... 4. 4.--Deut. 8. 3.
Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God.... 4. 8.--Deut. 6.13.
He shall give his angels charge over thee.... 4.10,11.--Ps. 91.11,12.
Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God .... 4.12--Deut. 6.16.
The Spirit of the Lord is upon me .... 4.18,19.--Is. 61.1,2; 58.6.
Behold, I send my messenger.... 7.27.--Mai. 3.1.
That seeing they might not see .... 8.10.--Is. 6. 9.
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God.... 10.27.--Deut. 6.5; Lev. 18-19.
And thy neighbour as thyself .... 10.27.--Lev. 19.18.
Blessed is he that cometh in the name.... 13.35.--Ps. 118.26.
My house is the house of prayer .... 19.46.--Is. 56.7.
Ye have made it a den of thieves.... 19.46.--Jer. 7.11.
The stone which the builders rejected .... 20.17.--Ps. 118. 22, 23. If a man's brother die, having a wife.... 20.28.--Deut. 25. 5.
The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou.... 20.42, 43--Ps. 110.1
He was reckoned among the transgressors .... 22. 37.--Is. 53.12.
Say to the mountains, Fall on us.... 23. 30.--Hos. 10.8.
Into thy hands I commend my spirit.... 23.46.--Ps. 31. 5.
The voice of one crying in the wilderness.... 1.23.--Is. 40. 3.
The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up.... 2.17.--Ps. 69. 9.
He gave them bread from heaven .... 6. 31--Ps. 78.24.
They shall be all taught of God.... 6.45--Is. 54.13.
I said, Ye are gods .... 10. 34.--Ps. 82. 6.
Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel.... 12.13.--Ps. 118.26.
Fear not, daughter of Zion: Behold, thy King .... 12.15.--Zech. 9. 9.
Lord, who hath believed our report? .... 12.38.--Is. 53.1.
He hath blinded their eyes.... 12.40--Is. 6. 9,10.
He that eateth bread with me.... jL3.18.--Ps. 41. 9.

49

QUOTATIONS FROM OLD TESTAMENT IN NEW TESTAMENT.

JOHN (cont.).

They shall look on him whom they pierced .. 19. 37.--Zech. 12.10.

ACTS.

I foresaw the Lord always before my face 2.25-28--Ps. 16.8-11.

The Lord said... Sit thou on my right hand .... 2.34, 35.--Ps. 110.1.

I will give you the sure mercies of David.. .. 13. 34.--Is. 55.3.

They hated me without a cause .... 15. 25.--Ps. 35.19; 69.4.
They parted my raiment among them .... 19.24--Ps. 22.18.
A bone of him shall not [20. be broken.... 19. 36.--Ex. 12.46; Ps. 34.
Let his habitation be desolate.... 1.20.--Ps. 69.25.
His bishoprick let another take.... 1. 20--Ps. 109.8.
I will pour out my Spirit upon all flesh .... 2.17-21.--Joel 2.28-32.
A prophet shall the Lord . . . raise up ... like unto me .... 3. 22,23.--Deut. 18.18,19.
In thy seed shall all the kindreds.... 3.25.--Gen. 22.18; 12. 3.
This is the stone which was set at nought.... 4.11.--Ps. 118.22.
Why did the heathen rage.... 4. 25, 26.--Ps. 2.1,2.
*Get thee out of thy country.... 7.3.--Gen. 12.1.
Who made thee a ruler and a judge over us?.... 7. 27,28.--Ex. 2.14.
I am the God of thy fathers .... 7. 32.--Ex. 3. 6.
Put off thy shoes from thy feet.... 7. 33, 34.--Ex. 3.5,7, 8,10.
A prophet shall the Lord your God.... 7.37.--Deut. 18.15.
Make us gods to go before us .... 7. 40--Ex. 32.1.
0 ye house of Israel, have ye offered .... 7.42, 43--Amos 5.25-27.
Heaven is my throne, and earth is my footstool .... 7. 49, 50.--Is. 66.1,2.
He was led as a sheep to the slaughter.... 8. 32, 33.--Is. 53. 7, 8.
1 have found David the on of Jesse.... 13.22--Ps. 89.20. -
Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee.... 13. 33.--Ps. 2. 7.
Thou shalt not suffer thy Holy One to see corruption.... 13.35--Ps. 16.10.
Behold, ye despisers, and wonder, and perish .... 13.41.--Hab. 1.5.
I have set thee to be a light of the Gentiles.... 13. 47.--Is. 49. 6.
After this I will return, and will build .... 15.16,17--Amos9.11,12.
Thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler .... 23. 5.--Ex. 22. 28.
Go unto this people, and say, Hearing .... 28. 26, 27.--Is. 6. 9,10.

ROMANS.

* Stephen, in this chapter, refers to God's dealings with His people, in support of his argument that God s favour has never been limited to one particular place. He glances cur&orily at the sacred records, paraphrasti-cally, but does aot quote literally (see next Table).

How beautiful are the feet of them that preach 10.15.--Is. 52. 7.

The just shall live by faith .... 1.17.-Hab. 2. 4.
The name of God is blasphemed .... 2. 24--Is. 52.5.
Thou mightest be justified in thy sayings.... 3.4.--Ps. 51.4.
There is none righteous, no, not one .... 3.10.--Ps. 14.1, 3.
There is none that understandeth.... 3.11.--Ps. 14.2.
They are all gone out of the way.... 3.12.--Ps. 14. a
Their throat is an open sepulchre .... 3.13.--Ps. 5.9; 140.3.
Whose mouth is full of cursing .... 3.14.--Ps. 10.7.
Their feet are swift to shed blood.... 3.15--Is. 59. 7.
Destruction and misery are in their ways .... 3.16,17.--Is. 59.7,8.
There is no fear of God before their eyes.... 3.18.--Ps. 36.1.
Abraham believed God, and it was counted .... 4.3.--Gen. 15. 6.
Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven.... 4.7, 8.--Ps. 32.1, 2.
I have made thee a father of many nations.... 4.17.--Gen. 17. 5.
So shall thy seed be.... 4.18.--Gen. 15. 5.
Thou shalt not covet .... 7. 7.--Ex. 20.17.
For thy sake we are killed all the day.... 8.36--Ps. 44.22.
In Isaac shall thy seed be called .... 9.7.--Gen. 21.12.
At this time . . . Sarah shall have a son.... 9. 9.--Gen. 18.10.
The elder shall serve the younger.... 9.12_--Gen. 25.23.
Jacob have I loved, but Esau ... hated .... 9.13-- Mai. 1. 2, 3.
I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy.... 9.15--Ex. 33.19.
Even for this same purpose have I raised.... 9.17.--Ex. 9.16.
I will call them my people, which were not my people.... 9.25--Hos. 2.23.
Ye are not my people .... 9. 26.--Hos. 1.10.
Though the number of the children of Israel.... 9. 27, 28--Is. 10. 22,23.
Except the Lord of Sabaoth had left us .... 9. 29.--Is. 1. 9.
Behold, I lay in Sion a stumbling stone.... 9.33.--Is. 28.16.
The man which doeth those things shall live.... 10. 5.--Lev. 18.5.
Who shall ascend into heaven .... 10. 6, 7--Deut. 30.12,13.
The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth .... 10.8.--Deut. 30.14.
Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed .... 10.11.--Is. 28.16.
Whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord.... 10.13--Joel 2. 32.
Lord, who hath believed our report? .... 10.16--Is. 53.1.
Their sound went into all the earth .... 10.18.--Ps. 19. 4.
I will provoke you to jealousy.... 10.19.--Deut. 32.21.
I was found of them that sought me not.... 10. 20--Is. 65.1.
All day I have stretched forth my hands.... 10. 21.--Is. 65.2.
Lord, they have killed thy prophets .... 11. 3-1 Kin. 19.10,14.
I have reserved to myself seven thousand .... 11. 4.-1 Kin. 19.18.
God hath given them the spirit of slumber .... 11. 8.--Is. 29.10.

50

QUOTATIONS FROM OLD TESTAMENT IN NEW TESTAMENT.

ROMANS (cont.).

Let their table be made a snare .... 11. 9,10.--Ps. 69. 22, 23. There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer.... 11.26,27--Is. 59. 20, 21.

Who hath known the mind of the Lord? .. 11. 34--Is. 40.13.

Who hath first given to him.... 11. 35--Job 41.11.
Vengeance is mine; I will repay.... 12.19.?-Deut. 32.35. If thine enemy hunger, feed him.... 12. 20.--Prov. 25.21, 22. Thou shait not commit< [19.18. adultery.... 13. 9.--Ex. 20.13-17; Lev. Every knee shall bow to me.... 14.11--Is. 45. 23. The reproaches of them that reproached thee . 15. 3.--Ps. 69. 9. For this cause I will confess to thee among the Gentiles.... 15. 9.--Ps. 18. 49. Rejoice,ye Gentiles with his people.... 15.10.--Deut. 32.43. Praise the Lord, all ye Gentiles.... 15.11--Ps. 117.1. There shall be a root of Jesse .... 15.12.-Is. 11.1,10. To whom he was not spoken of .... 15. 21.--Is. 52.15.

I. CORINTHIANS.

I will destroy the wisdom of the wise.... 1.19.--Is. 29.14.
He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord .... 1. 31.--Jer. 9. 24.
Who hath known the mind of the Lord? .. 2.16--Is. 40.13.
He taketh the wise in their own craftiness.. 3.19.--Job 5.13.
The Lord knoweth the thoughts of the wise . 3. 20.--Ps. 94.11.
Two shall be one flesh.... 6.16.--Gen. 2. 24.
Thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox.. 9. 9--Deut. 25. 4.
The people sat down to eat and drink.... 10. 7.--Ex. 32. 6.
The earth is the Lord's, and the fulness thereof 10. 26--Ps. 24.1.
With men of other tongues and other lips 14.21.--Is. 28.11,12.
He must reign, till he hath put ali enemies 15. 25.--Ps. 110.1.
All things are put under him.... 15. 27.--Ps. 8. 6.
Let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we die .... 15. 32.--Is. 22.13,
The first man Adam was made a living soul .. 15. 45.--Gen. 2. 7.
Death is swallowed up in victory.... 15. 54.--Is. 25. 8.
O death, where is thy sting .... 15. 55.--Hos. 13.14.

II. CORINTHIANS.

Moses ... put a veil over his face .... 3.13--Ex. 34. 33.
I believed, and therefore have I spoken.... 4.13.--Ps. 116.10.
1 have heard thee in a time accepted.... 6. 2.--Is. 49. 8.
I will dwell in them, and walk in them.... 6.16.--Lev. 26.11,12.
Wherefore come out from among them .. 6.17.--Is. 52.11.
He that had gathered; much had nothing over.... 8.15.--Ex. 16.18.
He hath dispersed abroad.... 9. 9--Ps. 112. 9.
He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord.... 10.17.--Jer. 9. 24.
In the mouth of two or three witnesses.... 13.1.--Deut. 19.15.

GALATIANS.

Abraham believed God, and it was accounted 3. 6.--Gen. 15. 6.
In thee shall all nations be blessed.... 3. 8.--Gen. 12. 3.
Cursed is every one that continueth not .... 3.10--Deut. 27. 26.
The just shall live by faith.... 3.11.--Hab. 2. 4.
The man that doeth them shall live in them.... 3.12.--Lev. 18. 5.
Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree .... 3.13.--Deut. 21. 23.
Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not .... 4. 27.--Is. 54.1.
Cast out the bondwoman and her son .... 4. 30.--Gen. 21.10.
Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself . 5.14.--Lev. 19.18.

EPHESIANS.

When he ascended up on high, he led .... 4. 8.--Ps. 68.18.
Speak ... truth with his neighbour.... 4. 25.--Zech. 8.16.
Be ye angry, and sin not 4. 26.--Ps. 4. 4.
For this cause shall a man leave.... 5. 31.--Gen. 2. 24.
Honour thy father and [5.16. thy mother .... 6. 2, 3--Ex. 20.12; Deut.

I. TIMOTHY.

Thou shalt not muzzle the ox.... 5.18.--Deut. 25. 4.

II. TIMOTHY.

The Lord knoweth them that are his .... 2.19--Num. 16. 5,

HEBREWS.

I will put my trust in him 2.13.--Is. 8.18.

Blessing I will bless thee 6.14,--Gen. 22.17,

Thou art my Son, this day have I .... 1. 5.--Ps. 2. 7.
I will be to him a Father 1. 5.-2 Sam. 7.14.
Let all the angels of God worship him.... 1. 6.--Ps. 97. 7.
Who maketh his angels spirits.... 1. 7.--Ps. 104. 4.
Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever.... 1. 8, 9.--Ps. 45. 6, 7.
Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid .... 1.10-12.--Ps. 102. 25-27.
Sit on my right hand, until I make .... 1.13-- Ps. 110.1.
What is man, that thou art mindful.... 2. 6-8.--Ps. 8. 4-6.
I will declare thy name unto my brethren .... 2.12--Ps. 22. 22.
Behold I and the children . . . given me .. 2.13,--Is. 8.18.
To-day if ye will hear his voice .... 3. 7-11.-Ps. 95. 7-11.
As I have sworn in my wrath.... 4. 3.--Ps. 95.11.
And God did rest the seventh day.... 4. 4.--Gen. 2.2.
Thou art my Son, to-day ... begotten thee .... 5. 5.--Ps. 2.7.
Thou art a priest .. . order of Melchisedec .. 5. 6.--Ps. 110. 4.
See,... that thou make all things according to the pattern ..,.... 8, 5--Ex. 25. 40.

51

REFERENCES TO THE OLD TESTAMENT, BEING NOT EXACT QUOTATIONS.

HEBREWS (cont.).

Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not .. 10. 5-7.--Ps. 40. 6-8.

He that shall come will come ... not tarry .. 10. 37, 38-- Hab. 2. 3, 4.

Yet once more I shake not the earth only.... 12. 26--Hag. 2. 6.

Behold, the days come, saith the Lord.... 8.8-12.--Jer. 31. 31-34.
This is the blood of the testament.... 9. 20.--Ex. 24. 8.
For ever sat down on the right hand.... 10.12,13.-Ps. 110.1.
I will put my laws into their hearts.... 10.16,17.--Jer. 31.33, 34.
Vengeance belongeth unto me.... 10.30--Deut. 32.35, 36.
In Laae shall thy seed be called .... 11.18.--Gen. 21.12.
My son, despise not thou the chastening .... 12.5, 6.--Prov. 3.11,12.
Lift up the hands that hang down .... 12.12.--Is. 35. 3.
I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee.... 13. 5.--Josh, 1. 5.
The Lord is my helper, I will not fear.... 13. 6.--Ps. 118. 6.

JAMES.

Do not commit adultery 2.11.--Ex. 20.13,11

Abraham believed God, and it was imputed .. 2. 23.--Gen. 15. 6.

Thou shalt love thy neighbour.... 2. 8.--Lev. 19.18.
God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace.... 4. 6.--Prov. 3. 34.

I. PETER.

All flesh is as grass, and all the glory of man .. 1.24,25.--Is. 40.6-8.

Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone .... 2.6--Ps. 118.22; Is.28.16.

The stone which the builders disallowed .. 2. 7.--Ps. 118. 22.

He that will love life, and see good days.... 3.10-12.--Ps. 34.12-16.

God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to .. 5. 5.--Prov. 3. 34.

Be ye holy; for I am holy.... 1.16--Lev. 11.44.
Who did no sin, neither was guile found.... 2. 22.--Is. 53. 9.
Who his own self bare our sins.... 2. 24.--Is. 53. 4.

II. PETER.

The dog is turned to his own vomit.... 2. 22-- Prov.26.11.

REVELATION.

The whole of this book is a reflex of the prophetic visions of the Old Testament. It contains pictures of that heavenly form of worship, divinely manifested to Moses (of which the Tabernacle ritual was only a pattern), reproduced, and further developed, by its fulfilment in the atonement of Christ; while it also repeats the mysterious predictions, uttered by Isaiah, Ezekiel, Daniel, pourtraying the philosophy of history, the recurrence of its cycles, and the supremacy over all other powers of the kingdom of Christ. It is, therefore, full of references and allusions to the writings of Moses and the prophets, too numerous (and often allusive rather than literal) to be tabulated; but the marginal references will better aid the reader in working out the connection between this Revelation, which closes Holy Scripture, and the inspirations vouchsafed to the earlier dispensation, which prepared the way for the fulness of the glory of Christ.

REFERENCES TO THE OLD TESTAMENT, BEING NOT EXACT QUOTATIONS.

MATTHEW.

6. 12; Ps. 22. 6; Is. 53.3.

Shew thyself to the priest 8. 4.--Lev. 14. 3.

Priests profatne the sabbath, and are blameless 12. 5.--Num. 28. 9.

* This exact term is not found in any prophecy. Chrysostom and oihers suppose it to be quoted from some lost book. Jerome refers it to the Hebrew root N'zer," a sprout." and identifies it with "the Branch," by which the Messiah is designated by Isaiah and Ezekiel. This view is adoptpd by most modern expositors. Others consider it to be equivalent to "a reproach," or "scorn of men" (Is. A3; Ps. 22), and trace the fulfilment of those prophecites in the low estimation in which the people of Nazareth were held by the other Jews (John 1.46). |

If thy brother trespass ... tell him... alone.. 18.15.--Lev. 19.17.

Parable of a vineyard .. 21. 33.--Is. 5.1.

Wheresoever the carcase is, there will the eagles 24. 28.--Job 39. 30.

The sun... darkened .. 24.29.--Is. 13.10; Ezek. 32.

7; Joel 2.10; 3.15.

Depart from me, ye cursed 25.41.--Ps. 6. 8.

*He shall be called a Nazarene .... 2. 23.--Is. 11.1; Zee. 3.8;
The meek shall inherit the earth .... 5. 5.--Ps. 37.11.
The blind receive their sight .... 11. 5.--Is. 29.18.
Elias, which was for to come .... 11.14; 17.10--Mai. 4. 5.
David . . . did eat the shewbread.... 12. 3, 4-1 Sam. 21. 6.
Teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.... 15. 9--Is. 29.13.
In the mouth of two or three witnesses.... 18.16.--Deut. 19.15.
Moses' command to give a writing of divorcement .... 19. 7--Deut. 24.1.
With God all things are possible.... 19. 26.--Jer. 32.17.
Your house is left unto you desolate.... 23. 38.--Jer. 22. 5.
The abomination of desolation .... 24.15.--Dan. 12.11.
Heaven and earth shall pass away.... 24. 35,--Is. 51. 6,
Son of man goeth, as it is written.... 26. 24.--Ps. 22.

52

REFERENCES TO THE OLD TESTAMENT, BEING NOT EXACT QUOTATIONS.

HEBREWS.

MATTHEW (cont.).

At last came two false witnesses .... 26. 60. -Ps. 35.11.
They did spit in his face 26. 67.--Is. 50. 6.
He trusted in God .... 27. 43.--Ps. 22. 8.
All power given unto me 28.18.--Dan. 7.14.

MARK.

Shew thyself to the priest 1. 44.--Lev. 14. 3.
David did eat the shewbread .... 2. 26.-1 Sam. 21. 6.
Elias must first come .. 9.11.--Mal. 4. 5.
Moses suffered... bill of divorcement.... 10. 4.--Deut. 24.1.
A certain man planted a vineyard .... 12.1.--Is. 5.1.
More than all whole burnt offerings .... 12. 33-1 Sam. 15.22.
Take heed lest any man deceive you.... 13. 5.--Jer. 29. 8.
The brother shall betray brother .... 13.12--Micah 7. 6.
Abomination of desolation .... 13.14.-Dan. 12. 2.
Sun shall be darkened.. 13. 24.--Is. 13.10.
My words shall not pass away .... 13. 31.--Is. 40. a

LUKE.

Shall give him... throne of David.... 1. 32.--Ps. 132.11.
Of his kingdom there shall be no end .... 1. 33.--Dan. 4. 3.
As he spake to ... Abraham, and to his seed for ever.... 1. 55.-Gen. 17.19.
Oath he sware to ... Abraham .... 1. 73.--Gen. 12. 3.
The dayspring from on high.... 1.78.--Num. 24.17; Mal. 4. 2.
Give light to them that sit in darkness .... 1. 79.--Is. 9. 2.
Eight days were accomplished for the circumcising .... 2. 21.--Lev. 12. 3.
The days of her purification .... 2. 22.--Lev. 12. 2-4.
For the fall and rising again .... 2. 34.--Is. 8.14.
Shew thyself unto the priest .... 5.14.--Lev. 14. 3.
David . .. did take and eat the shewbread.... 6. 4.-1 Sam. 21. 6.
This do, and thou shalt live .... 10. 28.--Lev. 18.5.
Depart, ye workers of iniquity.... 13. 27. -Ps. 6. 8.
House is left unto you desolate.... 13. 35.--Jer. 22. 25.
If thy brother trespass against thee.... 17. 3.--Lev. 19.17.
Parable of the vineyard 20. 9.--Is. 5.1.
Blessed are the barren . 23. 29.--Is. 54.1.
It behoved Christ to suffer.... 24. 46.--Is. 53. 5.

JOHN.

One soweth and another reapeth .... 4. 37--Micah 6.15.
If any... thirst... come unto me.... 7. 37.--Is. 55.1.
Wells of living water (illustration of the Spirit) 7.38.--Prov. 18.4; Is. 12. 3.
Of the Spirit . . . they should receive .... 7. 39.--Is. 44. 3.
Christ's birth at Bethlehem, and of David's house .... 7. 42.--Micah 5. 2.
The testimony of two men is true.... 7.17.--Deut. 19.15.
Christ abideth for ever 12.34--Ps.89.36,37;Is.9.7.
God's command to the Christ, what he shall say .... 12.49--Deut. 18.18.
None shall be lost, but the son of perdition .. 17.12.--Ps. 109. 8.
They filled a sponge with vinegar, &c..... 19.29.--Ps. 69. 21.
He must rise again from the dead.... 20. 9--Ps. 16.10.

ACTS.

God promised to give Canaan for a possession to Abraham, and to his seed after him . 7. 5.--Gen. 12.7; 13.15.
That his seed should sojourn in a strange land; and that they should bring them into bondage, and entreat them evil four hundred years .... 7. 6.--Gen. 15.13.
After that, thou shalt come forth and serve me in this place.... 7. 7.--Gen. 15.16.
Abraham begat Isaac .. 7. 8.--Gen. 21. 3.
And circumcised him the eighth day .... 7. 8.--Gen. 21. 4.
Isaac begat Jacob.... 7. 8.--Gen. 25. 26.
Jacob begat the twelve patriarchs.... 7. 8--Gen. 42.13.
The patriarchs, . . . sold Joseph into Egypt.... 7. 9.--Gen. 37. 4,11, 28.
But God was with him.. 7. 9.--Gen. 39. 2, 21.
I have seen the affliction of my people 7. 34.--Ex. 3. 7.
Have ye offered to me slain beasts .... 7. 42.--Amos 5. 25, 26.
I will carry you away beyond Babylon.... 7.43.--Amos 5.27; Jer.20.4.
God is no respecter of persons .... 10. 34-- Job 34.19.

ROMANS.

"Who will render to every man according to his deeds .... 2. 6--Ps. 62.12.
There is no respect of persons with God.... 2.11--Deut. 10.17.
Shall the thing formed say to him that formed it .... 9. 20--Is. 45. 9.
The potter has power over the clay .... 9. 21.--Jer. 18. 6.
Eyes that they should not see .... 11. 8--Is. 29.10.

I. CORINTHIANS.

Eye hath not seen.... 2. 9.--Is. 64. 4.

EPHESIANS.

Helmet of salvation.... 6.17.--Is. 59.17.

PHILIPPIANS.

Every knee should bow 2.10.--Is. 45. 23.

II. THESSALONIANS.

Exalteth . . . self above all... called God .... 2. 4--Dan. 11. 36.

I. TIMOTHY.

We brought nothing into the world.... 6. 7--Job 1.21.
Abraham's seed ... as the stars of the sky in multitude, and as the sand by the sea shore 11.12.--Gen 22. 17.

53

REFERENCES IN NEW TESTAMENT TO INCIDENTS RECORDED IN THE OLD.

HEBREWS {cont.).

The patriarchs confessed themselves . . . strangers and pilgrims on the earth.......... 11.13.—Gen. 23. 4; 47. 9.

Moses' parents... saw he was " a proper child " 11. 23.—Ex. 2. 2.

JAMES.

As flower of ... shall pass away............ 1.10.—Job 14. 2.

I. PETER.                   â– ;

Tasted that the Lord is

gracious.............. 2. 3.—Ps. 34. 8.

A chosen generation .. 2. 9.—Deut. 10.15. Which in time past ...

not a people.......... 2.10.—Hos. 1.10.

I. PETER (cont.).

Fear God. Honour the

king.................. 2.17—Prov. 24. 21.

Charity shall cover the

multitude of sins .... 4. 8.—Prov. 10.12.

II. PETER.

A thousand years as one

day .................. 3. 8—Ps. 90. 4.

The heavens shall pass

away ................ 3.10.—Ps. 102. 26.

A new heaven and a new

earth ................ 3.13.—Is. 65.17; 66. 22.

I. JOHN. If we say we have no sin 1. 8.—Prov. 20. 9.

REFERENCES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT TO INCIDENTS RECORDED IN THE OLD TESTAMENT.

David's visit to Ahime-lech, at Nob..........Matt. 12.3,4.-1 Sam. 21.1.

Jonah's entombment for three days and nights in the belly of the fish —12.40; 16.4.—Jonah 1.17.

The Queen of Sheba's visit to Solomon......—16. 42.—1 Kin. 10.1.

The death of Abel......— 23. 35—Gen. 4. 8.

* Death of Zacharias.... — 23. 35.-2 Chr. 24. 20.

Elijah's visit to the widow of Zarephath .. Luke 4. 26.—1 Kin. 17. 9.

The healing of Naaman's leprosy ..............— 4. 27.-2 Kin. 5.14.

Jonah's mission to Nineveh ..................— 11. 30—Jonah 3; 4.

The Queen of Sheba's visit to Solomon ___— 11. 31.—1 Kin. 10.1.

The murder of Abel and Zacharias ............ (See under Matthew.)

The deluge in the days of Noah ................Luke 17. 26.—Gen. 7.

The destruction of Sodom — 17. 29.—Gen. 19.16.

The fate of Lot's wife .. — 17. 32.—Gen. 19. 21.

Moses' vision of the burning bush.............. — 20. 37.—Ex. 3.

Moses lifting up the brazen serpent ..........John 3.14.—Num. 21. 9.

Manna in the wilderness — 6. 31.—Ex. 16.15.

Mosaic enactment of circumcision ............— 7.22.—Lev. 12. 3.

Mosaic enactment of stoning, as punishment for adultery .... — 8.5.—Lev. 20.10.

God appeared unto Abraham, when he was in

Mesopotamia, before                                  [9.7.

he dwelt in Charran .. Acts 7.2.—Gen. 15.7; Neh.

Abraham's residence in Charran..............— 7.4.—Gen. 11.31.

His migration from Charran to Canaan .. — 7.4.—Gen. 12. 4, 5.

God's promise to give Canaan to! Abraham and his seel..........— 7.5.—Gen.10.1-7; 13.15.

Israel's bondage in Egypt — 7. 6.—Gen. 15.13.

The birth of Isaac from Abraham ............— 7. 8.—Gen. 21. 3.

* The event, to which reference is here made, is not certain.

Isaac's circumcision the

eighth day .......... Acts 7. 8.—Gen. 21.4.

Jacob's birth from Isaac — 7. 8.—Gen. 25. 26. The birth of the twrelve

patriarchs from Jacob — 7. 8.—Gen. 42.13. Joseph sold into Egypt

by his brethren ......— 7. 9—Gen. 37. 4,11, 28.

God's favour to Joseph

in Egypt..............— 7. 9.—Gen. 39. 2, 21.

Joseph's deliverances

from affliction by God's

favour, and his divine

gift of wisdom........— 7.10—Gen. 41.37-39.

Pharaoh's promotion of

Joseph to be ruler over

Egypt and over his

house ................ —7.10.—Gen. 41. 40.

The famine over Egypt

and Canaan..........— 7.11.—Gen. 41. 54.

Jacob sending his sons to

Egypt to buy corn.... — 7.12.—Gen. 42. 2. Joseph makes himself

known to his brethren

in Egypt..............— 7.13.—Gen. 45.1.

The descent of Jacob

and his family into E-                            [46. 5, 6.

gypt.................. — 7. 14, 15—Gen. 45. 9;

Jacob's death in Egypt — 7.15.—Gen. 49. 33. The burial of the patri-                              [24. 32.

archs at Shechem — — 7.16.—Gen. 33.19; Josh. The great increase of the

Israelites ............— 7.17.—Ex. 1. 7.

The accession of a king

of Egypt hostile to the

Israelites ............ — 7.18.—Ex. 1.8.

Pharaoh dealt subtilly

with them............— 7.19.—Ex. 1.10.

The casting of their sons

into the river ........— 7.19—Ex. 1.22.

The concealment of Moses' birth for three

months .............. — 7.20.—Ex. 2.2. '

His being cast out, and

adoption by Pharaoh's

daughter ............— 7. 21—Ex. 2. 3-10.

His murder of an E-

gyptian, and flight into

Midian .............. — 7. 24-29—Ex. 2.12-15.

The birth of his two sons

in Midian............— 7.29.—Ex.18. 3.

53

54

REFERENCES IN NEW TESTAMENT TO INCIDENTS RECORDED IN THE OLD.

The appearance of an angel to him in a burning bush, in the wilderness of Sinai ........ Acts 7. 30.—Ex. 3. 2.

God's mission to Moses — 7. 35—Ex. 3.15-18; 4.

The miracles in Egypt by Moses' mission .. — 7. 36.—Ex. 7-12.

The miracle by Moses in the Red Sea..........— 7. 36.—Ex. 14. 21, &c.

The exodus ............— 7. 36.—Ex. 12. 41.

Miracles in the wilder-                           [16, &c.

ness.,................ Acts 7. 36.—Ex. 15. 23;

The forty years' wandering in the wilder-                       [95.10,11. ness.................— 7.36.-Num.l4.33;Ps.

Thriving of the Law to Moses on Mount Sinai — 7. 38.—Ex. 20.—24.18.

The worship of the golden calf............ — 7. 41—Ex. 32.19.

The making of the tabernacle in the wilderness — 7.44.—Ex. 25.40; 26.30.

The erection of the tabernacle in Canaan......— 7.45.—Josh. 18.1.

David's desire to build a tabernacle............ — 7.46.-2 Sam. 7.

The building of Solomon's Temple........— 7. 47.—1 Kin. 8.

The exodus ............— 13.17.—Ex. 12. 41.

The forty years' wander-                       [Ps. 95.10.

ing in the wilderness — 13. 18.—Num. 14. 33;

God's expulsion of seven nations from Canaan.. — 13.19.—Deut. 7.1.

The division of Canaan amongst the Israelites by lot ................— 13; 19.—Josh. 14. 2.

The rule of the judges .. — 13.2O.-Judg. 2.16.

The judgeship of Samuel the prophet .......... — 13.20.—1 Sam. 3. 20.

The desire of Israel for a kingdom..............— 13.21.—1 Sam. 8. 5.

The forty years' reign of Saul, son of Kish, the Benjamite............ — 13.21.—1 Sam. 10. 21.

God's removal of Saul from the kingdom, and selection of David to succeed him.......... — 13. 22.—1 Car. 10.14.

The pillar df a cloud, guiding Israel........ 1 Cor. 10.1.—Ex. 13. 21.

The passage through the RedSea.............. — 10.1.—Ex. 14. 22.

The Israelites fed by manna................ — 10.3— Ex. 16. 3-35.

Moses bringing water out of the rock........— 10.4.—Ex. 17. 6.

Birth of Ishmael from Abraham and Hagar.. Gal. 4.23,25.—Gen. 16.15.

The creation of Adam                                [22.

and Eve.............. 1 Tim. 2.13.—Gen. 2.7,21,

The priority of Eve's fall — 2.14.—Gen. 3.12.

The opposition of the Egyptian magicians to Moses................ 2 Tim. 3.8.—Ex. 7.11.

The tabernacle and its furniture ............ Heb. 9.2,3.—Ex. 25. & 26.

The pot of manna, Aaron's rod, and the two

tables, in the Ark of                   [Num. 17.10.

the Covenant ........ — 9.4.—Ex.16.33,34; 2516;

The high priest's offering on Day of Atonement — 9. 7.—Ex. 30.10.

Moses' sprinkling the people with the blood of the testament......— 9.20.—Ex. 24. 8.

The daily sacrifice...... — 10.12.—Ex. 29. 38.

The creation of the world — 11.3.—Gen. 1.

God's acceptance of

Abel's sacrifice........— 11. 4.—Gen. 4.4.

Enoch's translation .... — 11.5.—Gen.5.24.

Noah's preparation of the

ark, and the salvation .

of himself and family Heb. 11. 7.—Gen. 6.15-18. The call of Abraham .. — 1L 8.—Gen. 12.1. His sojourn in Canaan.. — 11. 9.—Gen. 12; 5, &c. The sojourn of Isaac and

Jacob in Canaan —;. — 11. 9*—Gen, 27. The birth of Isaac from

Sarah in her old age.. —11.11.—Gen. 18.11,12,14. Abraham offering up

Isaac.................. — 11.17.-Gen. 22.

Isaac blessing Jacob and

Esau.................. — 11. 2O.-Gen. 27.

Jacob blessing Joseph's

sous before his death.. — 11.21.—Gen. 48.15, Joseph's dying command

concerning his bones,

&c..................... — 11 22-Gen. 50. 25,

Moses' return to his own

people from Pharaoh's

daughter.............. — 11. 25.-Ex. 2.11.

His flight from Egypt .. — 11. 27.—Ex. 2.15. The Passover in Egypt,

and slaughter of the

firstborn.............. - 11. 28.—Ex. 12. 21- 29.

The passage of the Red

Sea, and destruction of

the Egyptian army .. — 11.29.—Ex. 14. The compassing Jericho

for seven days, and the

fall of its walls........— 11.30.—Josh. 6.12-20.

The sparing of Rahab

and her household___— 11,31.—Josh. 6. 23.

The exploits of the judges,

Gideon, Barak, Samson,

Jephthah, Samuel — — 11.32.-Judg.andlSam.

„ of David ..........— 11.32.-2 Sam.

Deliverance of DsLniel in

the lions' den ........— 11. 33.—Dan. 6; 22.

Deliverance of the three

children from the fiery

furnace .............. — 11. 34.—Dan. 3; 27.

Restoration of children to

life by Elijah and Eli-                    [2 Kin. 4. 37.

sha....................— 11. 35.-1 Kin. 17. 23;

The visit of angels to

Abraham and Lot .... — 13. 2.—Gen. 18; 2; 19.1. Rahab's reception and deliverance of the spies James 2. 25.—Josh. 2.1.

The patience of Job___ — 5.11.—Job 1. 21.

Elijah's prayer for a

dearth on Israel......— 5.17.—1 Kin. 17.1.

The deluge, the dis-}

obedience of the {1 Pet. 3. 20.—Gen. 6. 3.

world, and salvation ( 2 Pet. 2. 5.—Gen. 7.1.

of Noah and his family ) Sarah's deference to A-

braham, calling him

lord .................. 1 Pet. 3. 6.—Gen. 18.12.

The destruction of Sodom

and the cities df the

plain.................. 2 Pet. 2. 6.—Gfen. 19.

Balaam rebuked by his                     /

ass.................... — 2.15.—Nuin. 22.

Cain's murder of Abel.. 1 John 3.12.—Gen, 4. 8. The exodus of Israel from

Egypt ................ Jude5.—Ex.12.41.

The death of unbelievers

in the wilderness ___— 5.—Num.Jl4. 32.

The destruction of So-

dom, Gomorrha, &c... — 7.—Gen.

The body of Moses "The way of Cain'

—  9.—Deut.

—  11.—Genj

9.

34. 5, 6.

4.8.

The error of Balaam for

reward .............. — 11.—Nunf. 22.

The gainsaying of Core

(Korah) .............. — lL-Nuri 16.

Enoch, the seventh from

Adam ................— 14.—Gerf 5.18.

55

NOTES ON THE NEW TESTAMENT.

Its Genuineness.

1. External evidence. Although we have no complete catalogue for the Canonical Books previously to the fourth century, we have constant quotations from most of them by various Christian writers up to the time of the Apostles themselves. It will be best to trace this backwards. In the fourth century A.D. there are ten catalogues, in six of which all the books are counted Canonical, viz.: those of Augustine, Jerome, Rufinus, Council of Carthage, Epiphanius, and Athanasius; and three, which omit only the Book of Revelation, viz.: those of Gregory Nazianzen, Council of Laodicea, and Cyril of Jerusalem; and that of Philaster, which omits both the Epistle to the Hebrews and the Revelation. Of these the testimony of Jerome is the most important, from his great learning, his protracted residence in Palestine, and his life-long devotion to the work of verifying the Scriptures and the localities of Bible history. To all the books of the New Testament he assigns the same authors as those whose names they bear, giving the Acts of the Apostles to Luke, and the Epistle to the Hebrews to Paul, though he mentions that some doubt the authorship of the latter. Eusebius of Cæsarea, 315 A.D., in his. "Ecclesiastical History," after carefully investigating the history of his time, affirms it to be universally admitted that the following are genuine, viz.: the four Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles, the fourteen Epistles of Paul, the first Epistles of John and Peter, and "(if it so seem good) the Revelation of John." Origen, A.D. 243, gives a catalogue identical with that of Eusebius. Tertullian, A.D. 150—220, mentions the four Gospels and most of the books of the New Testament as genuine, as also does Irenæus. Papias, a disciple of Polycarp, expressly assigns the Gospels of Matthew and Mark to those writers; and Clemens Romanus, the fellow-labourer of Paul, refers as expressly to I. Corinthians as the work of that Apostle.

Besides this general consent of Christian writers, there is a complete absence in the works of their opponents (whether Jewish or heretical), of any satisfactory evidence that any of these books were spurious.

Early Copies. There is no existing original MS. of the New Testament written in the first three centuries. Fragments of an early Syriac Version of the Four Gospels were found by Mr. Cureton in the Nitrian Monasteries, and published by him in London A.D. 1858. This copy is considerably anterior to the Peshito, which had previously been considered the oldest document. There is abundant evidence that, in the first two centuries, copies of the New Testament only existed in separate books, or in volumes containing such portions as the Gospels, the Catholic Epistles, the Pastoral Epistles, &c., respectively, but that no copy of the New Testament, as a whole, existed in one book. The first witnesses to the apostolic text are the early Syriac Peshito (Cent. i.), and Latin (Cent, ii.) versions; and the rich quotations of Clement of Alexandria (A.D. 220), and of Origen (A.D. 184—254). The most important early MSS. of the New Testament are the following:&mdash

A. Sinaitic (Cent. iv.), in the Library of St. Petersburg, found by Tischendorf in the convent of St. Catherine, Mount Sinai, in 1859. The New Testament is entire, with the Epistle of Barnabas, and part of the "Shepherd of Hermes."

B. Alexandrine (the first half of Cent, v.), in the Library of the British Museum, given by Cyril Lucar, Patriarch of Constantinople, to Charles I. in 1628. It contained the entire Bible in Greek, with the addition of the Epistles of St. Clement; but there are some parts of the New Testament missing (Matt, i.—xxv. 6; John vi. 50—viii. 52; 2 Cor. iv. 13—xii. 6).

C. Vatican (supposed to be of Cent, iv.), in the Vatican Library ever since its foundation, A.D. 1450. It is a MS. of the entire Greek Bible, as far as Heb. ix. 14, the remainder being added in Cent. xv.

D. Ephrem's (supposed to be written in the early part of Cent. v.), now in the Library of Paris. It was brought from the East to Florence early in Cent. xvi., and came to Paris with Catherine de Medicis in the middle of that century. It contains fragments of the LXX., and of each book of the New Testament. In Cent. xii. the original writing was effaced, and some Greek writings of "Ephrem Syrus" were written over it.

E. Beza's (Cent, vi.), found by Beza in the Monastery of St. Irenseus at Lyons, A.D. 1562, and presented by him to the University Library, Cambridge. It is a Graeco-Latin MS. of the Gospels and Acts, with small fragments of the Epistles of John. It abounds in interpolations, especially in the Acts of the Apostles.

F. Parisian Imperial (Cent, viii.), one of the most important of the late Uncial MSS. It contains the four Gospels (except Matt. iv. 22—v. 14; xxviii. 17—20; Mark x. 16—20; Xv. 2—20; John xxi. 15—25). It agrees in a remarkable manner with the quotations of Origen, and with the Vatican MS.

List of New Testament MSS.:—

  Uncial.—Gospels, 34; Acts and Catholic Epistles, 10; Paul's Epistles, 14; Evangelistaria, 58.

  Cursive.—Gospels, 601; Acts and Catholic Epistles, 229; Paul's Epistles, 283; Evangelistaria, 183.

The New Testament is the Sacred Scripture of the Last Dispensation, in which a New Covenant is made between God and man, by which all mankind are offered the privileges of (1) adoption to be the sons of God, (2) incorporation into Christ's Church, (3) inheritance in the kingdom of heaven. As no preference is given to any particular family or people, but these privileges are freely offered to all, the offer, the incorporated society who accept it, the faith (or terms of membership), are all said to be Catholic, or universal, viz. open to all, not necessarily accepted by all. This offer is called the Gospel, the Preacher of which is Christ; the Head also of the Society, which is called the Church, or "Body of the Lord."

The Books of the New Testament have, to some extent, their counterpart in the Old. Thus, the Four Gospels correspond with the Pentateuch, as they contain an account of the Origin and Law of the Covenant; the Acts of the Apostles with the Historical Books (especially Joshua and Judges); the twenty-one Epistles

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with the Prophets; and Revelation with the concluding portions of Daniel and Ezekiel.

Divisions of the New Testament:—

I. Constitutional and Historical.

i. The Four Gospels: two by Apostles, two by missionary Evangelists.

ii. The Acts of the Apostles: forming the link of connection between the historical and didactic portions.

II. Didactic.

i. The Pauline Epistles, viz.:

a. Doctrinal, addressed to Churches, viz. Romans, Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians,Thessalonians, Hebrews.

b. Pastoral, addressed to Timothy and Titus.

c. Special, to an individual (Philemon).

ii. Catholic Epistles, addressed to the Church at large:

a. One of James.

b. Two of Peter.

c. Three of John.

d. One of Jude.

III. Prophetic. The Revelation of John the Divine.


I. HISTORICAL.

i. The Four Gospels.

The Gospels (evayyeXiov, Evangelium) contain the "Good Tidings" of salvation through Jesus Christ. The first three give a general view of our Lord's Life and Teaching, and so are called "Synoptical;" the fourth is supplementary and doctrinal. They are not four Gospels, but one Gospel under four aspects, as presented to the minds of four different writers, supposed to have been prefigured by the four cherubim seen by Ezekiel in his vision (chap, i.): Matthew as a Man; Mark as a Lion; Luke as an Ox; John as an Eagle. The first emphasises the historical import of the Life of Christ; the second His Royal Supremacy; the third His Sacrificial Significance; the fourth His Divinity.

MATTHEW gives the human descent of our Lord from Abraham, as evidence of His being the promised seed, in whom all nations should be blessed. Thus He completes the Old Testament history and covenant. He is the one Antitype in whom all has been fulfilled; in Him the Old Testament passes into the New; the prohibitions of the Law into the encouragements of the Gospel; Sinai into the Mount of Beatitudes; the prophetic into the teaching office; priesthood into redemption by suffering; kingship into the supremacy of Almighty grace restoring a fallen race.

The writer, before his conversion named Levi, a publican, and collector of the tolls and customs of persons and goods crossing the lake at Capernaum, was son of Alphæus, and a Hebrew. He wrote his Gospel, mainly for his fellow-countrymen, both in Hebrew and Greek; but the latter was not a mere translation of the former, the phraseology in the two being often different. It was probably written about A.D. 42, though some fix it so late as A.D. 69. Papias, at the beginning of Cent, ii., refers to the original of this Gospel.

Its arrangement is not chronological, but in groups, in which Jesus, the offspring of Abraham, fulfils the promises of the Old Testament. His doctrine and life are the fulfilment of types, prophecies, and hopes, but disappointing to false aspirations of degenerate Judaism. The conflict, provoked by this disappointment, apparently terminates against Him; really it completes His triumph and establishes His kingdom, since His death reconciles the world to God, which is the basis of His new constitution. Thus, fulfilling the old covenant, He transforms the typical into the eternal theocracy, and He is the true Christ,—eternal Prophet, Priest, and King.

The true character of the Messiah is attested :—

1. By His lineal descent, and Divine revelation at His birth (i.—iv.).

2. By the manifestation of His triple office (Prophet, Priest, and King), in conflict with the popular ideas (v.—xvi.).

3. By unfolding the true nature of His kingdom and its future history, in contrast with that of the ancient world (xvi.—xx.).

4. By his self-sacrifice and humiliation (xxi.—xxiv.).

5. By prophetic revelations of the judgment on the Jewish nation and on the world (xxiv., xxv.).

6. By His sacerdotal presentation of Himself as the atoning sacrifice (xxvi., xxvii.).

7. By His glorification at the right hand of power (xxviii.).

This Gospel is peculiarly characterised by repeated reference to the Law and Prophets (i. 23; ii. 6, 15, 18; iii. 3; iv. 15; viii. 17, &c.); by careful enunciation of such teaching as would awaken Jews, and correct their false views; and the warnings of national calamities.

MARK, who had also the Hebrew name John, was son of Mary, whose house at Jerusalem became the refuge and earliest church of the Christian community. He was nephew of Barnabas, and the attendant of him and Paul on their first mission; but returned home from Perga (Acts xiii. 5, 13), afterwards attaching himself to Barnabas, though subsequently reconciled to Paul (Col. iv. 10). He is the reputed founder of the Alexandrine Church.

He was attached to Peter (1 Peter v. 13), from whom he obtained some materials for his Gospel; but it is evident that he had also before him both the Hebrew and the Greek copies of Matthew, since he clearly compared the differences in diction between the two, weighed their relative value, made his selection, and supplied occasional new graphic touches to the narrative from some independent witness: e.g. Christ is among "wild beasts;" the fig-tree dried up "from the roots;" Jesus is asleep "on a pillow" (i. 13; xi. 20; iv. 38). His theme is "Judah is a young lion" (Gen. xlix. 9; Hos. xi. 10); and he depicts the Saviour as the conqueror of all Satanic powers, with a brevity and vividness which add force to the heroic character pourtrayed. Hence he gives only three burning words of controversy and denunciation, not the longer discourses of the Lord; event succeeds event in rapid succession; he accumulates negatives; his favourite word is "immediately;" his tenses are present; and he supplies often the very vernacular words used in the occurrences (iii. 17, 22; v. 41). The Messiah seems to rouse every emotion of the soul,—amazement, fear, confidence, hope, joy,—and adapts His Divine power to temper each. The rapidity and completeness of His achievements, the pervading influence of His Name throughout the world, His victory over death, and exaltation to the throne of glory, are the grand characteristics of the Divine Redeemer. These are heightened and relieved by regular intervals of pause and rest, preparatory to fresh campaigns; for Mark narrates only the three years' ministry of our Lord.

I. Preparation; Christ's appearance by the side of the Baptist (i. 1—13). His conflicts

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in Galilee after His baptism (i: 13—ix.). III. His victories in Peraea (x.). IV. His conflicts in Judaea (x.—xv.). V. His Resurrection and Ascension.


LUKE was probably of Gentile extraction (Col. iv. 10—14), born at Antioch, and a faithful colleague of Paul. His superior education is proved by the philological excellence of his writings (viz. the Gospel and Acts of Apostles, which are but two yols. of one work). His preface, in pure Greek, implies previous careful study of documentary and other evidence. He speaks of "other attempts" to write a Life of Christ, which were unsatisfactory. Though it is the same Gospel, it is narrated with peculiar independence, containing additional matter, more accuracy in preserving the chronological order of events, and complying with the requirements of history. He tested tradition by documentary records (e.g. i. 5; ii. 2; iii. 1); by comparing the oral testimony of living witnesses (i. 2, 3); and only when he had "perfect understanding of all things from the very first," ventured to compile a "Life of Christ" as a perfect man, restoring human nature, and offering Himself a sacrifice for all mankind. To him we are indebted for the history of the birth and childhood of Jesus and the Baptist, for those liturgical hymns, and the scene in the synagogue at Nazareth (vi.), which were probably communicated by the Virgin Mary. The Physician shews himself in the particular details of diseases; the Artist in the vivid pictures of lifelike scenes; the companion of Paul in the extension of the Gospel to Gentiles (iv. 16—30), and the favour shewn by Jesus to "publicans and sinners "(yii. 36—50; xxiii. 39—43). Hence his genealogy is traced up to Adam, the progenitor of the whole race.

I. The miraculous birth of Jesus and His forerunner; His manifestation in childhood, and growth to rhanhoqd (i. and ii.). II. The testimony to His Messiahship (iii. and iv.). III. His ministry in Galilee (iv.—xvii.). IV. His Passion, Resurrection, and Ascension (xviii.—xxiv.).

JOHN was brother of James, son of Zebedee, one of the earliest and also the youngest of our Lord's disciples, honoured with the distinction "whom Jesus loved." His Gospel was written at the close of the first century, or beginning of the second, long after the others had become well known throughout Christendom. He had all of them before him; he supplemented what they had omitted, corrected false impressions formed by readink them, and gave the cue to their deeper interpretation. He indirectly refers to and corroborates much that they have recorded, but abstains filom traversing the same ground. He only narrates one miracle which is common to all the Gdspels (the feeding of the 5,000), but gives us four others peculiar to him: the change of water into wine; the healing of the impotent man, and ine born blind; and the raising of Lazarus. "While the events narrated by the Sy-noptists are mainly those which took place in Galilee, John's Gospel is almost wholly occupied with Christ'i ministry in Judaea, and one-third of it is occupied with the sayings and doings of the last twenty-four hours of His life. He omits all the Paranles given by the Synoptists.

Generally, his Gospel is rather a compilation of distinct dissertations than a continuous narrative. It connects the Redemption of mankind with the Creation by the same Source of Life. Its subject id "The Eternal Word made Flesh," (1) as pre-eastent, (2) as incarnate, (3) as revealing the lather, (4) as connecting humanity with Divinity through His own incarnation by means of spiritual agency. Hence the transmission of this spiritual influence through material

substances is evidenced by the first miracle (ii.); expounded to Nicodemus (iii.); allegorised to the Samaritan woman (iv.); exemplified in the impotent man (v.); symbolised and emphasised in the feeding of 5,000, and subsequent discourse (vi.). The Revelation of the Father is developed by miracle and parable in vii.—x.; His life-giving power communicated to human nature temporarily and eternally by spiritual agency in xi.—xiii.; the perpetual transmission of that power from Himself to mankind through His apostles, and their commission to execute their functions, in xiv.—xxi. Many additional scenes in His Passion, and especially Pilate's efforts to release Him, are furnished only by John. His reckoning of time is in accordance with the division of the day from midnight, which is identical with our own.

ii. ACTS OF THE APOSTLES.

This book, according to internal and external evidence, was written by Luke, and forms the sequel to his Gospel. It is the history of the foundation and spread of the Christian Church— the former under Peter (i.—xii.), the latter under Paul (xii.—xxviii.). It was founded on the Day of Pentecost; its first sons were Jews (hence it appeared only a Jewish sect in Judaea), and the former part of the book is occupied with its establishment there, with arguments in its favour, and with challenges to disprove the fundamental fact of Christ's resurrection. Its first development into an organised community, with official staff, provoked the first persecution and martyrdom, which precipitated its extension to Samaria and Syria, caused a new and more independent centre of operations to be planted at Antioch, whence under Paul (the first converted persecutor) it spread to Asia Minor, Greece, Rome, a,nd various parts df the Gentile world. The motive influence was the direct impulse of the Holy Spirit, not any preconceived plan of the Apostolic body (ii. 4; xi. 17; xv. 6, 7, 9).

Analysis. A. The Acts of Peter:—Birth of Christian Church, and Extension to Samaria, comprising (1) Foundation and Progress of the Church in Jerusalem and Judaea (i.—viii.); (2) First Persecution, and Extension to Samaria and to Gentile family of Cornelius (viii.—xi. 18); (3) Second Persecution, and Foundation of the Church at Antioch (xi. 19—xiii. 3).

B. The Acts of Paul:—Extension of the Church to the Gentiles.

(1) Paul's Call, and first Apostolic journey (xiii. 4—xv. 5); (2) Council of Jerusalem, fixing terms of admission (xv.); (3) Second Apostolic journey (xv. 36—xviii. 22); (4) Third Apostolic journey (xviii. 23—xxi. 17); (5) Paul's imprisonment at Caesarea, and voyage to Rome (xxi. 18—xxviii.). So the progress is recorded from a small Jewish sect to the universal Church. In this book all. the Articles of the Apostles' Creed may be found, chiefly in Peter's speeches (i.—v.).

II. DIDACTIC.

i. TflE Pauline Epistles.

These are not in their chronological order; probably the earliest is I. Thessaibnians, and the latest that to the Hebrews. The subscriptions are not authentic.

a. ROMANS. This Epistle is a summary of God's dealings with mankind, from the first adoption of one portion to closer connexion with Him, i.e. to sonship and inheritance of a promise. This election of a particular family is illustrated by a master-potter selecting out of his bed of clay one portion for his choicest fabrics, meet vessels

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for the master's highest use: the particular clay was selected because of its freedom from flaw, and the rest rejected because tainted with flaws; but not rejected absolutely, since it has a position in the household, useful, but less honoured. The absence of flaw is lack of worldliness or irreligion; its excellence is the possession of unquestioning faith--a special capacity for receiving the Divine impress, to be moulded at God's will, and so convey to others, by precept and example, the Divine standard of perfection, and the revelation of the truth. This was the peculiar quality seen by the Omniscient in the character of Abraham, which led to his call and adoption. Hence he became the "Father of the Faithful," and the "Friend of God." But it was a quality not transmitted by bodily generation; nor were the privileges accorded to Abraham, and promised to his seed, an inheritance descending by hereditary right, but resumed by God, the Giver, at each decease, and re-awarded at His decision, who "looketh on the heart." Hence "they are not all Israel, which are of Israel: neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children" of God; i.e. "they which are the children of the flesh, these are not the children of God" (ix. 6-8). Acceptance by God is the reward of faith; by it Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, were adopted; from want of it, Ishmael, Esau, and the three eldest sons of Jacob were rejected, and finally the whole Jewish nation, the Gentiles being received instead, through faith. Because of unbelief the former were broken off, and the latter stand by faith.

Summary. I. Sinfulness of the human race: (a) of the heathen (i.); (b) of the Jews (ii.): (c) Comparison of Jews and Gentiles. II. The Plan of Salvation explained (a) in theory (iii.); (b) by illustration (iv., v.). III. Its value: (a) union with Christ (vi.); (b) as servants of Christ (vi.); (c) supplying defects of the Law (vii.). IV. Justification by Faith: (a) Christian's duty and privilege; (b) cause of rejection of some, election of others, of Abraham's seed; (c) blindness and final rejection of the Jews. V. Development of truth (xii.-xv.). VI. Personal communications (xv.-xvii.).

It was probably written from Corinth, A.D. 58, and sent by Phoebe (xvi. 1, 2).

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