HACKETT, HORATIO BALCH: Baptist; b. in Salisbury, Mass., Dec. 27, 1808; d. in Rochester, N. Y., Nov. 2, 1875. He was graduated from Amherst College in 1830 and studied theology at Andover 1830--31 and 1832-34, having been tutor at Amherst during the year 1831-32. Extended studies on infant baptism during his senior year in the seminary shook his confidence in his denomination and prevented him from entering on the work of the Congregational ministry immediately after graduation from the seminary. He was instructor in Mount Hope College, Baltimore, 1834-35 and was immersed in Baltimore in July, 1835. The same year he became professor of languages in Brown University, and in 1839 professor of Biblical literature and interpretation in Newton Theological Institution. He was also ordained to the ministry in 1839. During 1841-42 he studied at Berlin and Halls. Pressure of literary work led him to resign at Newton in 1868. From 1870 till his death he occupied the New Testament chair in Rochester Theological Seminary. His first publications were translations from the German. In 1844 he published an annotated edition of Plutarch's De sera niniums vindida (Andover, 1844). This was followed by a translation, with improvements, of

Winer's Grammar of the Chaldee Language (1845); a Hebrew Grammar (1847); Commentary on Ads (Boston, 1851; new ads., 1858 and 1877); Mua.. trotiona of Scripture; Suggested by a Tour through the Holy Land (1855; also 1868 and 1882); Ph" mon (1860); Christian Memorials of the War (1864); a translation with additions of Van Oosterzee's Philemon (1868) and of Braune's ,Philippians (1870) for Schaff's edition of Lange; an edition of Rawlinson's Historical Illustrations of the Old Testament (1873). With Ezra Abbot, he edited the American edition of Smith's Dictionary of the Bible (1868-70). He also collaborated in the Bible version of the American Bible Union (see Bible Societies, III., 2), before which he delivered a memorable address on Bible revision in 1859.

(A. H. Newman.)

Bibliography: G. H. Whittemore, Memorials of H. B. HackeU, Rochester, 1878.

HADAD: An Aramaic anti possibly an Edomitio deity (see Hadadrimmon). In Hadadezer and Benhadad are probably traces of this divine name, which is certainly preserved in the Old Testament name Hadadrimmon. Hadad alone is the name of an Edomite. As such it is not necessarily derived from the name of the god, for nothing is known of a god Hadad among the Edomites; yet its combination with the name of the god is very natural. The reading in the versions is Hadad and Hadar, but the former is better attested. In the Old Testament the following are mentioned having the name of Hadad: (1) an Edomitic king (Gen. xxxvi. 35,36; I Chron. i. 46, 47), who smote the Midianites in the territory of Moab. (2) In I Chron i. 50, 51, a later Edomitic king is mentioned. In the parallel passage, Gen. sxsvi. 39, the Massoretic text reads Hadar (with variants Hadad, LXX. reads Arath, Arad). (3) An Edomite of royal descent (I Kings xi. 14-22). He is hardly the same as the Hadad mentioned last. The notices concerning the wife of Hadad in (2) and the time of the kings of Edom in Gen. xxavi. 31 do not agree with those in the Kings passage. This Hadad might rather be a son or grandson of that one. This one, who was of royal blood, fled in childhood to Egypt when Joab defeated the Edomites. Pharaoh provided for him, and gave him land and also as wife the sister of Queen Tahperies. At David's death Hadad made an attempt to reconquer his native land. The Hebrew text breaks off suddenly at verse 22, and verse 25 is evidently out of place; it is better, therefore, to suppose that the conclusion of his story has, by a copyist's error, been inserted in the wrong place, and to read at verse 25 with the Septuagint, "This is the evil that Hadad did, and he abhorred Israel, and reigned over Edom." He is not to be confounded with the Hadadezer (I Kings xi. 23) who was king of Zobah. From the Masoretic text I Kings xi. 25 Josephus (Ant. VIII., vii. 6) made the story of a covenant between the Edomite Hadad and the Syrian Rezon, and of the former's elevation to the throne of Syria.

Bibliography: On the whole subject, DB, ii. 273; ED, ii. 1929-1930; JR, vi. 130-131. On Hadad as a divine name E. Nestle, Die israditischen Eipennamen,114-116, Haarlem. 1876; E. Schrader, %ilinschriften and GesA~or` erAung, pp. 371-395, 538, Gieseen. 1878. idem, KAT, pp. 42, 133, 147, 442 sqq., 538; C. P. Tiele, BabylowsA-

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assyrische Geschichte, p. 626, Gotha, 1888-88; H. Winolder, Alueetamintlidhe Foraehungen, p. 09, Leipsic, 1892; H. v. Hilprecht, Assyriaca, pp. 7ti-78, Boston, 1894, and see under Hadadrimmon and Rimmon. On the kings of that name consult: P. Cassel, in Sunen, sin Berliner Wochsnblatl, vol. vii., 1881; H. Winckler, ut sup., pp. 1-16; F. Buhl, Geschichte der Edomiter, pp. 57-81, Leipsic, 1893; A. H. Sayce, The Higher Criticism and the Monuments, London, 1894; J. Lury, Geschichte der Edomiter, Bern, 1898; T. K. Cheyne, in JQR, ii (1899), 551-556; Schrader, KAT, pp. 240-241, 460.