BOCHART, bō"shār', SAMUEL: French Protestant; b. at Rouen 1599; d. at Caen 1667. His father was the learned René Bochart, pastor at Rouen, and his mother Esther du Moulin. At the age of fourteen he made Greek verses in honor of his masters. He studied philosophy at Sédan, theology at Saumur under Cameron, whom he accompanied to London in 1621. He did not stay long, but soon returned to Leyden, where he took up theology and the study of the Arabic language under Erpenius. He was appointed Protestant minister at Caen, but gave private lessons in a Roman Catholic family. His controversy with the Jesuit Véron, in 1628, gave him a great name, and he edited an account of it (2 vols., Saumur, 1630) to refute Véron's teachings. In 1652 Queen Christina of Sweden wished his presence and he followed her call, accompanied by his pupil Huet, later bishop of Avranches. He remained in Stockholm one year, studying Arabic texts in the queen's library. Returning to Caen, he became the representative of Normandy at the National Calvinist Synod of Loudun. He died suddenly during a session of the academy at Caen. His works include Theses theologicœ de verbo Dei (Saumur, 1620); Actes de

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la conférence tenue à Caen entre Samuel Bochart et Jean Baillehache, ministres de la parole de Dieu en l'Église réformée . . . et François Véron (2 vols., 1630); Réponse à la lettre du père de la Barre, Jésuite, sur la présence réelle (1661); Hierozoïcon sive historia animalium S. Scripturœ (London, 1663); Opera omnia, hoc est, Phaleg, Canaan, et Hierozoïcon, quibus accessere varicœ dissertationes (Leyden, 1675).

G. BONET-MAURY.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: P. D. Huet, Les Origines de la ville de Caen, Rouen, 1706; Nicéron, Mémoires; W. R. Whittingham, The Life and Writings of S. Bochart, in Essays on Biblical Literature, London, 1829; Smith, Samuel Bochart, Caen, 1833; E. and É. Haag, La France protestante, ed. H. L. Bordier, vol. ii, Paris, 1879; KL, ii, 950-952.

BOCKHOLD, JOHANN (JAN BEUKELSZOON). See MUENSTER, ANABAPTISTS IN.

BOD, bed, PETER: Hungarian theologian and ecclesiastical historian; b. at Felsö-Csernáton (a village of Transylvania) Feb. 12, 1712; d. at Magyar-Igen (40 m. s.w. of Klausenburg) Mar. 3, 1769. He was educated at the Reformed college of Nagy-Enyed and the University of Leyden, and in 1743 became pastor at Héviz, whence he was called, six years later, to Magyar-Igen. He was the author of fifty-six works, of which twenty-three were printed, but by a decree of Maria Theresa restricting the liberty of the press certain of his books of a patriotic and Protestant tendency were confiscated. Among his works in Hungarian special mention may be made of the following, the titles being translated into English: "History of the Holy Bible" (Hermannstadt, 1748); "History of the Church of God" (Basel, 1760); "History of the Reformed Bishops of Transylvania" (Enyed, 1766); "The Magyar Athens" (Hermannstadt, 1767); biographies of 485 Hungarian authors, and "The Hungarian Phenix" (Enyed, 1767); biography of the printer Kiss; while his Latin works include: Historia Unitariorum in Transylvania (Leyden, 1776), a vivid description of the struggles of the Socinians in Hungary; Historia Hungarorum ecclesiastica (ed. Rauwenhoff and Prins, 3 vols., 1888-1890, from a manuscript recently discovered in the library of the university); and two treatises on the promoters and defenders of the Hungarian Reformation (in Gerdes, Scrinium Antiquarium, ii, Groningen, 1763).

F. BALOGH.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: G. D. Teutsch, Korrespondenzblatt des Vereins für siebenb. Landeskunde, no. xi, 1888, nos. v, vi, 1891; Presbyterian and Reformed Review, vols. i-ii, 1891-92.