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God the Creator and Redeemer

48

Hear this, O house of Jacob,

who are called by the name of Israel,

and who came forth from the loins of Judah;

who swear by the name of the L ord,

and invoke the God of Israel,

but not in truth or right.

2

For they call themselves after the holy city,

and lean on the God of Israel;

the L ord of hosts is his name.

 

3

The former things I declared long ago,

they went out from my mouth and I made them known;

then suddenly I did them and they came to pass.

4

Because I know that you are obstinate,

and your neck is an iron sinew

and your forehead brass,

5

I declared them to you from long ago,

before they came to pass I announced them to you,

so that you would not say, “My idol did them,

my carved image and my cast image commanded them.”

 

6

You have heard; now see all this;

and will you not declare it?

From this time forward I make you hear new things,

hidden things that you have not known.

7

They are created now, not long ago;

before today you have never heard of them,

so that you could not say, “I already knew them.”

8

You have never heard, you have never known,

from of old your ear has not been opened.

For I knew that you would deal very treacherously,

and that from birth you were called a rebel.

 

9

For my name’s sake I defer my anger,

for the sake of my praise I restrain it for you,

so that I may not cut you off.

10

See, I have refined you, but not like silver;

I have tested you in the furnace of adversity.

11

For my own sake, for my own sake, I do it,

for why should my name be profaned?

My glory I will not give to another.

 

12

Listen to me, O Jacob,

and Israel, whom I called:

I am He; I am the first,

and I am the last.

13

My hand laid the foundation of the earth,

and my right hand spread out the heavens;

when I summon them,

they stand at attention.

 

14

Assemble, all of you, and hear!

Who among them has declared these things?

The L ord loves him;

he shall perform his purpose on Babylon,

and his arm shall be against the Chaldeans.

15

I, even I, have spoken and called him,

I have brought him, and he will prosper in his way.

16

Draw near to me, hear this!

From the beginning I have not spoken in secret,

from the time it came to be I have been there.

And now the Lord G od has sent me and his spirit.

 

17

Thus says the L ord,

your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel:

I am the L ord your God,

who teaches you for your own good,

who leads you in the way you should go.

18

O that you had paid attention to my commandments!

Then your prosperity would have been like a river,

and your success like the waves of the sea;

19

your offspring would have been like the sand,

and your descendants like its grains;

their name would never be cut off

or destroyed from before me.

 

20

Go out from Babylon, flee from Chaldea,

declare this with a shout of joy, proclaim it,

send it forth to the end of the earth;

say, “The L ord has redeemed his servant Jacob!”

21

They did not thirst when he led them through the deserts;

he made water flow for them from the rock;

he split open the rock and the water gushed out.

 

22

“There is no peace,” says the L ord, “for the wicked.”

 


8. I knew that by transgressing thou wouldest transgress. By these words the Lord means that it is not without good reason that he so earnestly persuades and entreats the people to acknowledge that it was by him that they were chastised and afterwards delivered from so great distresses. The rebelliousness of that people might have prompted them to complain that it was useless to repeat this so often, and to press it on their attention. The Prophet replies, that men need not wonder at it, because he has to deal with obstinate men; and thus he confirms by different words what he said a little before about “the iron sinew of their neck.” (Ver. 4.) The meaning amounts to this, that the forwardness of that nation was well known to God, and that consequently he left nothing undone which was fitted to retain those who were attached to his service; and that, having received abundant evidence from undoubted proofs, they were so much the more inexcusable.

Therefore have I called thee a rebel from the womb. After having torn off the mask from this nation, which, as we formerly saw, falsely boasted of the name of Israel, he gives them a new name, and calls them “rebels.” By the “womb” I understand to be meant, not their first origin when they began to be reckoned a nation, but the time when they were delivered from the bondage of Egypt; for that deliverance might be regarded as a sort of nativity of the Church. (Exodus 12:51.) But the people, though they had experienced the infinite goodness of God, did not cease to act treacherously towards him, and transgressed more and more, so that he justly calls them “rebels and transgressors.”


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