TURNER, ARTHUR BERESFORD:

Church of England bishop of Korea; b. at Farley (4 m. e. of Salisbury), Wiltshire, Aug. 24, 1862. He was educated at Keble College, Oxford (B.A., 1885), and was ordained to the priesthood in 1888. After being curate of Watlington, Oxfordshire (1887-89), Downton, Salisbury (1889-92), and St. Nicholas Cathedral, Newcastle-on-Tyne (1892-96), he was a missionary in Korea from 1896 till 1905, when he was consecrated bishop of that country.

TURNER, FRANCIS:

Church of England bishop; b. probably at Fecham, Surrey, c. 1638; d. in London Nov. 2, 1700. He was educated at Winchester and at New College, Oxford (B.A., 1&59; M.A.,

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1663; B.D. and D.D., 1689); became rector of Therfield, Hertfordshire, 1664; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1668; prebend for Sneating at St. Paul's, London, 1669; master of St. John's Col lege, Cambridge, 1670, and vice-chancellor, 1678; rector of Great Hasely, Oxfordshire, 1683; dean of Windsor and bishop of Rochester, 1683; was trans lated to Ely, 1684; preached the sermon at the cor onation of James IL, Apr. 23, 1685; joined in the protest of the seven bishops against the lung's dec laration for liberty of conscience, 1688; refused the oath of allegiance to William and Mary and was sus pended, 1689, and deprived, 1690; was arrested but discharged, 1698. He was a controversialist, and evoked a sharp retort from Andrew Marvell. Besides letters and occasional sermons, he wrote Brief Memoirs of Nicholas Ferrar (2d ed., London, 1837).

BIBLIOGRAPHY: A. à Wood, Athenae Oxonienses, ed. P. Bliss, iv. 545, 619, and Fasti, vol. ii. passim, London, 1813-20; T. Lathbury, Hist. of the Nonjurors, ib. 1862; W. H. Hutton, The English Church (1625-1714), pp. 228, 240, ib. 1903; DNB, lvii. 336-0337.

TURNER, HENRY McNEAL:

African Methodist Episcopal bishop; b. at Newberry Court House, S. C., Feb. 1, 1834. In his boyhood he lived in the cotton fields of his native state and learned to read and write by his own exertions, while as a servant in the Abbeville Court House, and later in a medical college at Baltimore, he widened his knowledge. In 1858 he was licensed as a preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church South and traveled extensively in the southern states. In 1858 he became a member of the African Methodist Episcopal Church and soon joined the Missouri conference, in which he became an itinerant minister. In the fall of the same year he was transferred to the Baltimore Conference, where he remained four years, during which he completed his education at Trinity College. In 1862-63 he was pastor of Israel Church, Washington, D. C., and during the Civil War was chaplain of the First Regiment of United States Colored Troops. At the close of the war, he was commissioned chaplain in the regular army and was detailed to the Freedmen's Bureau in Georgia. He returned to the ministry in 1866 and was active also in educational and political affairs. He was elected a member of the Georgia constitutional convention in 1867 and in the following year entered the legislature of the same state, where he remained two terms (1868-72). He was then appointed successively postmaster of Macon, Ga., in 1870, inspector of customs in 1874, and United States secret detective in 1875. In 1876 the general conference of his denomination elected him general manager of its publications, with his residence at Philadelphia, and in 1880 he was chosen bishop. He is an ardent advocate of the return of the negroes to Africa, where he holds that they should build up a nation of their own, and he has organized four annual conferences in Africa at Sierra Leone, Liberia, Transvaal, and South Africa. He bas written African Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (Philadelphia, 1876); African Methodist Episcopal Catechism (1877); and Methodist Polity (1889).