during the period of the Reformation. Minor exegetical works are Geschichte Bileams and seine Weiasagungen (Berlin, 1842), Hohelied Salbmonis (Berlin, 1853), Prediger Salomo (Berlin, 1858; Eng. transl., Commentary on the Book of Ecclesiastes, to which are appended Treatises on the Song of Solomon, the Book of Job, the Prophet Isaiah, the Saerir fices of Holy Scripture, the Jews and the Christian Church, Edinburgh, 1860), and Weisabgungen des Propheten Ezechiels (Berlin, 1867-68; Eng. tranal., The Prophecies of Ezekiel, Edinburgh, 1869)., Allied with his studies in the Hebrew prophets axe the Offenbarung des heiligen Johannes (2 vols., Berlin, 1849-51; Eng. transl., The Revelation. of St. John, 2 vols., Edinburgh, 1851-52), and Evangelium des healigen Johannes (Berlin, 1861-64; Eng. tranal., Commentary on . . . John, 2 vols., Edinburgh, 1865). His Beitrage zur Einkitung ins Alts Testament (Berlin, 1831; Eng. tranal., Genuineness of the Pentateuch, 2 vols., Edinburgh, 1847; Genuineness of Daniel and Integrity of Zechariah, ib. 1848) examine critically the prophecies of Zechariah and Daniel and maintain the authenticity of the Pentateuch. Other writings are Geschichte des Reichm Gotten unter dem Aken Bunde (2 vols., Berlin, 1869-71; Eng. tranal., History of the Kingdom of God under the Old Testament, 2 vols., Edinburgh, 1871 72), Ueber den Tag des Herrn (Berlin, 1852; Eng. transl., The Lord's Day, Edinburgh, 1853), and Die Opfer der heiligen Schrift (Berlin, 1859). His Egypt and the Books of Moses appeared in Eng. transl., Edinburgh, 1843.

(J. BAcaMAxNt.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY: J. Bachmann, Hengstenbov, win Leben and Wirken, 2 vole., GVtersloh, 1876-79. An impartial estimate is given by J. E. J6rg, Gewhiohte des Protestantiamus, i. 22, Freiburg, 1858. Adverse judgments are given in D. 8ehuls, Die Wesen and Treiben der Berliner Rvanpdisehen Kirehenaeitunp, Breslau, 1839; A. Maller, ,Henystenberg and die Evanpeliade Kirchenasitunp, Berlin, 1857; F. Nippold, Neueete Kirehengsschiehte, v. 391 eqq., Leipsic, 1906; F. C. Baur, Kirrhengeschichte des 19. JahrL hunderta, pp. 228 eqq., TQbingen, 1862. Appreciative are: F. Delitaseh, Die biblisch-prophetiache Tloeolopie and ihre . . . Entwickelung seit der Christolapis Henp8tenUrge, pp. 164 sqq Leipsic, 1845; P. Schaff, many, its Universities, Theology and Religion, pp. 3oo-32o, Phiiadelphis, 1857; K. F. A. Kahnie, Zeupnis roan den Grund_ wahrheiten des Proteetantienaus pagan Dr. Henpatenberp, Leipsic, 1862.

ical Church, and was installed as pastor of Graben (near Carlaruhe) in 1823. Four years later he was appointed to the pastorate of Spock, where he officiated for thirty-five years. Together with several young theologians, whom he had converted, he published a signed protest against anew catechism which had been introduced by the church authorities, which was characteristic of their lukewarm spirit. This pamphlet, published in 1830, and entitled Der neue Landeskotechismus der evangelischen Kirche des Grosaherzogtums Baden, gepriift nach der heiligen Schrift und. den symbolischen Bih chern, became immenselyy popular, and gave rise to a lively controversy, in which even a Catholic clergyman took part, only to be refuted by Henh6fer in his Biblische Lehre room Heilewege and van der Kirche (Speyer, 1832), while only the Christliche Mittedungen, of which he was one of the founders, aided his Evangelical propaganda.

The French Revolution of 1830, and the inner disturbances which agitated Germany in 1848 and 1849, caused a religious upheaval in Baden in favor of liberalism, and Henhofer, was compelled to flee to Stuttgart. During the latter years of his life he published Baden and seine Revolution. Ursache and He-dung (anonymously); Die wahre katholisehe Kirche and.ihr Oberhaupt (Heidelberg, 1845); Das Abendmahl des Hewn oder die Mesas, Christentum and Papattum, Diamant oder Was (Stuttgart, 1852); Die Chriatliche Kirche and die Concordat (Carlsruhe, 1860); and Der Kampf des Unglaubens mit Aberglauben and Glauben, sin Zeichen unaerer Zebt (Heidelberg, 1861). (K. F. LEDDMMaosat.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY: E. Frommel, Aus dam Leben du Dr. Aloye Henh6ter, Carlsruhe, 1865; F. van Weeeh, Badude Bio-

HENKE, ERNST LUDWIG THEODOR: Professor of theology at Marburg; b. at Helmstedt Feb. 22, 1804; d. at Marburg Dec. 1,1872. He was the youngest son of Heinrich Philipp Konrad Henke (q.v.), studied in Helmstedt, at the Collegium Carolinum in Brunswick, at G6ttingen (1822-24), and at Jena. In 1826 he became privat-docent in Jena, lecturing on church history and the New Testament. In 1828 he was appointed professor at the Collegium Carolinum in Brunswick, where he lectured on theological encyclopedia, church history, isagogics, logic, and history of philosophy. In 1833 , he became professor of exegesis and church history at Jena. In 1836 he removed to Wolfenbiittel as councilor of the consistory and director of the theological seminary; as a partial fulfilment of his duties here he lectured on Biblical theology and the epistles of Paul, and directed the practical exercises of the candidates for the ministerial office. In 1839 he followed a call to Marburg; he lectured on homiletics, liturgics, church history, history of dogma, Biblical theology, and propsedeutics, assumed the leadership of the Homiletical Society, and in 1843 was entrusted with the superintendency of the Seminarium Thilippinum; in 1848 he became also first librarian of the university library.

Henke's theology was the result of his comprehensive studies in church history and philosophy. He considered the dualism of faith and science an essential factor of the human mind; a higher unity