Isa 54:1
54:1 Sing, O {a} barren, thou [that] didst not bear; break forth
     into singing, and cry aloud, thou [that] didst not travail
     with child: for more [are] the children of the {b} desolate
     than the children of the married wife, saith the LORD.

     (a) After he has declared the death of Christ, he speaks to
         the Church, because it would feel the fruit of the
         same, and calls her barren, because in the captivity
         she was a widow without hope to have any children.
     (b) The Church in this her affliction and captivity will
         bring forth more children, than when she was free, or
         this may be spoken by admiration, considering the great
         number that would come from her. Her deliverance under
         Cyrus was as her childhood, and therefore this was
         accomplished when she came of age, which was under the
         gospel.

Isa 54:2
54:2 {c} Enlarge the place of thy tent, and let them extend the
     curtains of thy habitations: spare not, lengthen thy cords,
     and strengthen thy stakes;

     (c) Signifying that for the great number of children that
         God would give her, she would seem to lack room to
         lodge them.

Isa 54:4
54:4 Fear not; for thou shalt not be ashamed: neither be thou
     confounded; for thou shalt not be put to shame: for thou
     shalt forget the shame of thy {d} youth, and shalt not
     remember the reproach of thy {e} widowhood any more.

     (d) The afflictions which you suffered at the beginning.
     (e) When you were refused for your sins, Isa 50:1.

Isa 54:5
54:5 For thy {f} Maker [is] thy husband; the LORD of hosts [is]
     his name; and thy Redeemer the Holy One of Israel; The God
     of the whole {g} earth shall he be called.

     (f) That regenerated you by his Holy Spirit.
     (g) His glory will shine through the whole world, which
         seemed before to be shut up in Judea.

Isa 54:6
54:6 For the LORD hath called thee as a woman forsaken and
     grieved in spirit, and a {h} wife of youth, when thou wast
     refused, saith thy God.

     (h) As a wife who was forsaken in your youth.

Isa 54:9
54:9 For this [is as] the {i} waters of Noah to me: for [as] I
     have sworn that the waters of Noah shall no more overflow
     the earth; so have I sworn that I will not be angry with
     thee, nor rebuke thee.

     (i) As sure as the promise that I made to Noah, that the
         waters would no longer overflow the earth.

Isa 54:11
54:11 O thou afflicted, tossed with tempest, [and] not
      comforted, behold, I will lay thy stones with {k} fair
      colours, and lay thy foundations with sapphires.

      (k) By this he declares the excellent estate of the Church
          under Christ.

Isa 54:13
54:13 And all thy children [shall be] {l} taught from the LORD;
      and great [shall be] the peace of thy children.

      (l) By the hearing of his word and inward moving of his
          spirit.

Isa 54:14
54:14 In {m} righteousness shalt thou be established: thou shalt
      be far from oppression; for thou shalt not fear: and from
      terror; for it shall not come near thee.

      (m) In stability and sureness, so that it will stand
          forever.

Isa 54:15
54:15 Behold, they shall surely assemble, [but] not by {n} me:
      whoever shall assemble {o} against thee shall fall for thy
      sake.

      (n) And therefore will not prevail.
      (o) Meaning, the domestic enemies of the Church, as are
          the hypocrites.

Isa 54:16
54:16 Behold, I have created the {p} smith that bloweth the
      coals in the fire, and that bringeth forth an instrument
      for his work; and I have created the waster to destroy.

      (p) Signifying by this that man can do nothing, but so far
          as God gives power: for seeing that all are his
          creatures, he must govern and guide them.