Sketches of Church History, from AD 33 to the Reformation

Contents

PART I
Chapter		Page
1.	The Age of the Apostles	1
2.	St. Ignatius	5
3.	St. Justin, Martyr	10
4.	St. Polycarp	13
5.	The Martyrs of Lyons and Vienne	15
6.	Tertullian—Perpetua and her Companions	17
7.	Origen	21
8.	St Cyprian—Part I	25
	—Part II	27
	—Part III	29
9.	The Last Persecution	31
10.	Constantine the Great	38
11.	The Council of Nicaea	43
12.	St. Athanasius—Part I	47
	—Part II	51
	—Part III	54
13.	The Monks	59
14.	St. Basil and St. Gregory of Naz.—Part I	67
	—Part II	70
15.	St. Ambrose	73
16.	The Temple of Serapis	77
17.	Church Government	80
18.	Christian Worship—Part I	85
	—Part II	87
	—Part III	90
19.	Arcadius and Honorius	93
20.	St. John Chrysostom—Part I	95
	—Part II	100
	—Part III	103
	—Part IV	105
21.	St. Augustine—Part I	108
	—Part II	111
	—Part III (Donatism)	114
	—Part IV	118
	—Part V	120
	—Part VI (Pelagianism)	124
	—Part VII	127
22.	Councils of Ephesus and Chalcedon	128
23.	Fall of the Western Empire	131
24.	Conversion of the Barbarians—Christianity in Britain	133
25.	Scotland and Ireland	136
26.	Clovis.	140
27.	Justinian	142
28.	Nestorians and Monophysites	144
29.	St. Benedict—Part I	147
	—Part II	150
30.	End of the Sixth Century—Part I	152
	—Part II	154
31.	St. Gregory the Great—Part I	156
	—Part II	159
	—Part III	160
	—Part IV	163
PART II
1.	Mahometanism; Image worship	169
2.	The Church in England	71
3.	St. Boniface	73
4.	Pipin and Charles the Great—Part I	77
	—Part II	79
5.	Decay of Charles the Great’s Empire	81
6.	State of the Papacy	84
7.	Missions of the Ninth and Tenth Centuries	85
8.	Pope Gregory VII —Part I	91
	—Part II	93
	—Part III	94
	—Part IV	96
9.	The First Crusade—Part I	98
	—Part II	201
	—Part III	204
10.	New Orders of Monks—Military Orders	205
11.	St. Bernard—Part I	211
	—Part II	213
12.	Adrian IV. —Alexander III. —Becket. —The Third Crusade	214
13.	Innocent III—Part I	217
	—Part II	220
	—Part III	223
	—Part IV	225
14.	Frederick II—St. Lewis of France—Part I	228
	—Part II	229
15.	Peter of Murrone	232
16.	Boniface VIII—Part I	235
	—Part II	236
17.	The Popes at Avignon.
	—Ruin of the Templars—Part I	239
	—Part II	241
18.	The Popes at Avignon (continued)	245
19.	Religious Parties	247
20.	John Wyclif	249
21.	The Popes return to Rome	252
22.	The Great Schism	254
23.	John Huss	256
24.	The Council of Constance—Part I	258
	—Part II	260
	—Part III	261
25.	The Hussites	263
26.	Councils of Basel and Florence	265
27.	Nicolas V and Pius II	268
28.	Jerome Savonarola—Part I	271
	—Part II	273
29.	Julius II and Leo X.	275
30.	Missions—The Inquisition	277

TABLE OF DATES PART I
A.D.		Page
33.	Descent of the Holy Ghost On the Day of Pentecost	1
62.	Martyrdom of St. James the Less	3
64.	Persecution by Nero begins	2
68.	Martyrdom of St. Peter and St. Paul	2
70.	Destruction of Jerusalem by Titus	3
95.	Persecution by Domitian	3
100.	Death of St. John	5
116.	Martyrdom of Ignatius	9
166.	Martyrdoms of Justin and Polycarp	10-15
168.	Montanus publishes his heresy	17
177.	Persecution at Lyons and Vienne	15
190.	Tertullian flourishes	18
202.	Persecution by Severus begins	18
—.	Martyrdom of Origen’s father	21
206.	Martyrdom of Perpetua and her companions	18
248.	Cyprian, bishop of Carthage	25
249.	Persecution by Decius	23
251.	Paul, the first hermit	60
—.	Troubles at Carthage; Novatian schism	27
253.	Plague at Carthage	27
254.	Death of Origen	24
—.	Disagreement between Cyprian and Stephen of Rome	29
257.	Persecution by Valerian	29
258.	Martyrdom of Cyprian	31
260.	Conversion of the Goths begins	40
261.	Valerian prisoner—Gallienus tolerates Christians	32
270.	Manes publishes his heresy	110
298.	Diocletian requires idolatry from soldiers, &c.,	33
303.	The last general persecution begins	34
311.	Separation of the Donatists from the Church	44,116
313.	End of the persecution	38
314.	Council of Arles about the Donatists	117
319.	Arius begins to publish his heresy	44
324.	Constantine defeats Licinius, declares self Christian	38
325.	The First General Council held at Nicaea —Arius condemned —The Nicene Creed made	46
326.	Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria	47
335.	Council of Tyre	48
—.	Athanasius banished to Treves	49
336.	Death of Arius	50
337.	Death of Constantine	51
338.	Athanasius restored to his see	52
341.	Second banishment of Athanasius	52
343.	Persecution in Persia	41
347.	Revolt, defeat, and banishment of the Donatists	117
348.	Ulfilas, bishop of the Goths	93
349.	Second return of St. Athanasius	52
356.	Third exile of Athanasius	53
—.	Death of Antony the hermit	61
361.	Julian emperor—Paganism restored	57
362.	The Donatists recalled	120
—.	Athanasius restored, but again banished	56
—.	Attempt to rebuild the Temple of Jerusalem	57
363.	Death of Julian	58
370.	Basil, bishop of Caesarea, in Cappadocia	68
372.	Gregory of Nazianzum consecrated bishop of Sasima	69
373.	Death of Athanasius	59
374.	Ambrose, bishop of Milan	73
378.	Gregory of Nazianzum goes to Constantinople	69
379.	Theodosius, emperor	70
380.	Gregory, bishop of Constantinople—Death of Basil	70
381.	Second General Council held at Constantinople —Gregory withdraws from his see	71
385.	Execution of Priscillian	72
387.	Baptism of Augustine	113
—.	Sedition at Antioch	97
390.	Massacre at Thessalonica, repentance of Theodosius	75
391.	Destruction of the Temple Of Serapis	78
395.	Death of Theodosius	77
—.	Augustine, bishop of Hippo	114
397.	Death of Ambrose	77
—.	Chrysostom, bishop of Constantinople	100
400.	Pelagius teaches his heresy at Rome	124
403.	Death of Telemachus at Rome	95
—.	Council of the Oak—Chrysostom banished, recalled	105
404.	Chrysostom banished to Cucusus	106
407.	Death of Chrysostom	107
409.	The Romans withdraw from Britain	135
410.	Rome taken by Alaric	93
—.	Pelagius and Celestius in Africa	125
411.	Conference with the Donatists at Carthage	122
412.	Ninian bishop of Whithorn	136
415.	Councils in the Holy Land as to Pelagius	126
429.	Pelagianism put down in Britain by German & Lupus	135
430.	Death of Augustine	128
431.	Third General Council held at Ephesus —Condemnation of Nestorius	129
432.	Death of Ninian—Patrick goes into Ireland	136
449.	“Robber Council” meets at Ephesus	129
—.	Landing of the Saxons in England	136
451.	Fourth General Council held at Chalcedon —Condemnation of Eutyches	129
—.	Attila in France—Deliverance of Orleans	131
452.	Attila in Italy	132
455.	Rome plundered by Genseric	132
476.	End of the Western Empire	133
484–519.	Schism between Rome and Constantinople	144
493.	Death of Patrick	138
496.	Conversion of Clovis	141
527.	Justinian, emperor	142
529.	The heathen schools of Athens shut up	143
—.	Benedict draws up his Rule for monks	149
541.	Jacob leader of the Monophysites	145
553.	Fifth General Council held at Constantinople	145
565.	Columba settles at Iona	139
—.	Death of Justinian	142
589.	Third Council of Toledo— The Spanish Church renounces Arianism	134
—.	Columban goes into France	139
590.	Gregory the Great, bishop of Rome	155
596.	Mission of Augustine to England	163
597.	Landing of Augustine in Kent —Conversion of Ethelbert	164
604.	Deaths of Gregory and Augustine	166
PART II
589–615.	Missionary labours of St Columban	205
612.	Mahomet begins to publish his religion	169
627.	Jerusalem taken by the Mussulmans	169
632.	Death of Mahomet.	169
635.	Settlement of Scottish missionaries in Holy Island	172
664.	Council of Whitby	172
724.	Beginning of controversy as to images	170
—.	Victory of Charles Martel over the Saracens	174
734.	Death of the Venerable Bede	173
715–755.	Missionary Labours of St Boniface	174
752.	Pipin becomes king of the Franks	177
787.	Second Council of Nicaea	180
794.	Council of Frankfort	180
800.	Charles the Great crowned as emperor	178
—.	Forgery of Constantine’s donation (approx.)	192
814.	Death of Charles the Great	181
826–865.	Missionary labours of Anskar	187
846.	Forgery of the False Decretals (approx.)	192
860–870.	Conversion of Bulgarians, Moravians, Bohemians, &c	185
912.	Foundation of the Order of Cluny	206
962.	Otho I, emperor	183
988.	Conversion of Basil, great prince of Russia	188
999.	Sylvester II, pope	184
994–1030.	Conversion of Norwegians.	189
1046.	Council of Sutri	185
1048.	Pope Leo IX.— Beginning of Hildebrand’s influence over the papacy	193
1073.	Hildebrand elected pope (Gregory VII )	193
1074.	Foundation of the Carthusian Order	207
1085.	Death of Gregory VII	197
1098.	Foundation of the Cistercian Order	208
1099.	Jerusalem taken in the First Crusade	202
1113.	Order of St John (or Hospitallers) founded	209
1116.	Order of the Temple founded	210
1123.	Agreement between pope and emperor at Worms	198
1147–1149.	The Second Crusade	213
1153.	Death of St. Bernard	214
1154.	Nicolas Breakspeare, an Englishman, chosen pope (Adrian IV)	214
1170.	Murder of Archbishop Thomas Becket	216
1189.	The Third Crusade	217
1198.	Innocent III elected pope	218
1203.	Constantinople taken by Crusaders	222
1208.	England put under an interdict	219
1208–1229.	War against the Albigenses	223
1215.	Fourth Council of the Lateran—Innocent sanctions the Dominican and Franciscan Orders of Mendicant Friars	227
1240.	First Crusade of St. Lewis	230
1270.	Second Crusade and death of St. Lewis	231
1274.	Second Council of Lyons	232
1294.	Election of Pope Celestine V	233
—.	Election of Pope Boniface VIII	235
1300.	Boniface celebrates the first jubilee	235
1303.	Death of Boniface	239
1310.	The popes settle at Avignon	240
1312.	Council of Vienne—The Templars dissolved	243
1377.	Gregory XI moves the papacy from Avignon to Rome	253
1378.	Beginning of the Great Schism of the West	254
1384.	Death of John Wyclif	251
1414–1418.	Council of Constance	258
1415.	Pope John XXIII deposed	260
—.	John Huss burnt by order of the Council	261
1417.	Election of Pope Martin V and end of the Schism	261
1418.	Religious war of Bohemia breaks out	264
1431.	Council of Basel opened	265
1438.	Council of Ferrara and Florence	267
1453.	Constantinople taken by the Turks	268
1455.	Invention of Printing	269
1464.	Pope Pius II vainly attempts a crusade	270
1498.	Death of Savonarola	274
1503.	Death of Pope Alexander VI	275
1517.	Appearance of Martin Luther as a reformer	276

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Sketches of Church History, from AD 33 to the Reformation

C O N T E N T S.