CXVI.

Jesus Predicts, the Rulers Plot for, and Judas Bargains for His Death.

(Mount of Olives, Bethany, and Jerusalem. Tuesday After Sunset,

Which Jews Regarded as the Beginning of Wednesday.)

^A Matt. XXVI. 1–5, 14–16; ^B Mark XIV. 1, 2, 10, 11; ^C Luke XXII. 1–6.

^c 1 Now the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh, which is called the Passover. { ^b 1 Now after two days was the feast of the passover and the unleavened bread:} ^a 1 And it came to pass, when Jesus had finished all these words, he said unto his disciples, 2 Ye know that after two days the passover cometh, and the Son of man is delivered up to be crucified. [We may regard Jesus as having entered the temple Tuesday morning, and as having taught there until the evening.¹¹¹¹   {*} NOTE.—If this had been Tuesday, he would have said “after three days,” as is the case of the resurrection. In all such expressions the remaining part of the present day was counted as one.—J. W. McG. He then retired to the slopes of Olivet and delivered the discourse which occupies Sections CXIII.-CXV., The discourse finished, it is likely that he arose about or a little after sunset (which the Jews reckoned as Wednesday) and proceeded on his way to Bethany, where he remained until late Thursday afternoon. On his way to Bethany he spoke the words of this section. The two days mentioned are Wednesday and Thursday. The passover was eaten Thursday night after sunset, which the Jews reckoned as Friday. For a full discussion of the time when the Passover was eaten, see Andrews' “Life of Christ,” pp. 423–460.] 3 Then were gathered together the chief priests, and the elders of the people, unto the court of the high priest, who was called Caiaphas; 4 and they took counsel together ^c 2 And 642sought ^b how ^a that they might take Jesus by subtlety, and ^c how they might put him to death; { ^a kill him.} [This council may have begun on the evening of Tuesday and continued until the beginning of Wednesday, Jewish time. It seems to have been a formal rather than an informal conference. The court where they met was the open space enclosed by the palace of the high priest. Caiaphas had been appointed high priest in a.d. 26 by the Procurator Valerius Gratus and was deposed a.d. 38. Ishmael, Eleazar, and Simon held the office between the deposition of Annas and the appointment of Caiaphas (Jos. Ant. xviii. 2. 2). See also p. 64.] 5 But { ^b 2 for} they said, Not during the feast, lest haply there shall be a tumult ^a arise among { ^b of} people. ^c for they feared the people. [They knew that there were many at the feast from Galilee, and other sections of the country where Jesus ministered; and, judging by the demonstration made at the triumphal entry, they felt that there were plenty to take arms in Jesus' behalf. The sense of their council, therefore, seemed to be that if Jesus could be taken by subtlety—i. e., arrested privately—he might be taken during the feast. But if he had to be arrested publicly, then it was better to postpone his apprehension until after the feast. The treachery of Judas caused them to adopt the former course. At this place Matthew and Mark insert the account of the supper given to Jesus in the house of Simon the leper. They do this because the treacherous determination of Judas was formed at it and dates from it. The rebuke of the Lord then administered, or the desire to reimburse himself for the price of the ointment, which Mary expended, and which he felt that he ought to have had, or some other reasons, evidently induced him at that time to decide upon our Lord's betrayal. Since then he had been seeking opportunity to betray the Master.] 3 And Satan entered into Judas who was called Iscariot, being of the number of the twelve. { ^b he that was one of the twelve,} [See pp. 226, 391, 392.] ^a 14 Then one of the twelve, who was called Judas Iscariot, ^b went away unto the chief priests, that 643he might deliver him unto them. ^c and communed with the chief priests and captains, how he might deliver him unto them. ^a 15 and said, What are ye willing to give me, and I will deliver him unto you? [It is probable that the proposal to sell his Master was made by Judas to individual members of the Sanhedrin, and that this proposal was one of the moving causes leading to the assembling of the council. The language implies that Judas appeared before the council and bargained openly with it.] ^b 11 And they, when they heard it, were glad, and promised ^c and covenanted to give him money. ^a And they weighed unto him thirty pieces of silver. [There had been coined shekels since the time of Simeon, or 143 b.c., before that the money was weighed. It is likely that the term “weighed” survived the practice and became a synonym or equivalent for “paid.” The amount paid him was about fifteen dollars of our money. It was indeed a low price for so base a deed, but from the language used it may be fairly implied that it was but the earnest money of a larger sum. But Judas evidently hardened himself, and shut out all thought as to anything save the actual labor involved. Viewed thus, his task was neither difficult nor dangerous.] ^c 6 And he consented, ^a 16 And from that time he sought opportunity to deliver him ^b how he might conveniently deliver him unto them. ^c in the absence of the multitude. [He soon found his opportunity. He bargained on Tuesday night and fulfilled his contract on Thursday night. Or, as the Jews reckoned time, he agreed in the beginning of Wednesday and fulfilled his covenant on the beginning of Friday.] 644