Note 032
From Chapter 69 of the Decline & Fall

As late as the 10th century, the Greek emperors conferred on the dukes of Venice, Naples, Amalphi, etc., the title of or consuls (see Chron. Sagornini, passim); and the successors of Charlemagne would not abdicate any of their prerogative. But in general the names of consul and senator, which may be found among the French and Germans, signify no more than count and lord, (Signeur, Ducange Glossar). The monkish writers are often ambitious of fine classic words.