In this account of the councils of Basil, Ferrara, and Florence, I have consulted the original acts, which fill the 17th and 18th tome of the edition of Venice, and are closed by the perspicuous, though partial, history of Augustin Patricius, an Italian of the 15th century. They are digested and abridged by Dupin, (Bibliotheque Eccles. tom. xii.), and the continuator of Fleury (tom. xxii.); and the respect of the Gallican church for the adverse parties confines their members to an awkward moderation.