╨╧рб▒с>■  q s ■   \ ] ^ _ ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ье┴#` Ё┐Llbjbj\.\. 4n>D>D╥T      дддддддд╕\\\\`╕┤#ЎА!А!А!А!А!["["["Ч"Щ"Щ"Щ"Щ"Щ"Щ"$к$h'В╜"▒д["["["["["╜"ддА!А!█n#{"{"{"["дА!дА!Ч"{"["Ч"{"{"дд{"А!t! └╒xпH+╟\k"{"Ч"Д#0┤#{"Ф'{"Ф'{"Ф'д{"["["{"["["["["["╜"╜"{"["["["┤#["["["["╕╕╕д\╕╕╕\╕╕╕дддддд     COMMENTARIES THE FOUR LAST BOOKS OF MOSES ARRANGED IN THE FORM OF A HARMONY VOL. II COMMENTARIES THE FOUR LAST BOOKS OF MOSES W THE FORM OF A HARMONY BY JOHN CALVIN TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL LATIN, AND COMPARED WITH THE FRENCH EDITION; WITH ANNOTATIONS, ETC. BY THE REV. CHARLES WILLIAM BINGHAM, M.A. RECTOB OP MELCOMBE-HOBSEY, DOBSET, AKD FORMERLY FELLOW OF SEW COLLEGE, OXFOHD VOLUME SECOND BAKER BOOK HOUSE Grand Rapids, Michigan THE FOUR LAST BOOKS OF MOSES AllKANUED IN THE FORM OP A HARMONY, WITH COMMENTARIES. gttpplentent aa to tljc Shutting up of tfje DEUTERONOMY, CHAPTER XXIV. 8. Take heed in the plague of leprosy, that thou observe diligently, and do according to all that the priests the Levites shall teach you: as I commanded them, so ye shall observe to do. 9. Remember what the Lord thy God did unto Miriam by the way, after that ye were come forth out of Egypt. Numb. v. 1. And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, 2. Command the children of Israel, that they put out of the camp every leper, and every one that hath an issue, and whosoever is defiled by the dead: 3. Both male and female shall ye put out, without the camp shall ye put them; that they defile not their camps, in the midst whereof I dwell. 8. Ohserva in plaga leprre, ad ob-servandum diligenter et faciendum secundum omnia quse docuerint vos sacerdotes Levitse: sicuti prsecepi eis, ita observabitis ad faciendum. 9. Recordare quid fecerit Jeho-va Deus tuus Marias in itinere, quum egressi estis ex iEgypto. 1. Et loquutus est Jehova ad Mosen, dicendo: 2. Prsecipe filiis Israel ut ejiciant e castris omnem leprosum, omnem seminifluum, et omnem immundum super anima. 3. Tam masculum quam femin-am ejicietis: extra castra ejicietis eos, ne contaminent castra sua, quia ego habito in medio eorum. LEVITICUS, CHAPTER XIII. 1. And the Lord spake unto Moses 1. Et loquutus est Jehova ad and Aaron, saying, Mosen et Aharon, dicendo: 2. When a man shall have in the 2. Homo quum fuerit in cute skin of his flesh a rising, a scab, or carnis ejus tumor, vel scabies, vel 1 Heading added from the Fr. "Autre dependence de forclorre les lepreux." CALVIN S HAKMONY OF THE FOUR LEV. XIII. bright spot, and it be in the skin of his flesh like the plague of leprosy; then he shall be brought unto Aaron the priest, or unto one of his sons the priests. 3. And the priest shall look on the plague in the skin of the flesh: and when the hair in the plague is turned white, and the plague in sight be deeper than the skin of his flesh, it is a plague of leprosy: and the priest shall look on him, and pronounce him unclean. 4. If the bright spot be white in the skin of his flesh, and in sight be not deeper than the skin, and the hair thereof be not turned white; then the priest shall shut up him that hath the plague seven days. 5. And the priest shall look on him the seventh day: and, behold, if the plague in his sight be at a stay, and the plague spread not in the skin; then the priest shall shut him up seven days more. 6. And the priest shall look on him again the seventh day: and, behold, ;/ the plague be somewhat dark, and the plague spread not in the skin, the priest shall pronounce him clean; it is but a scab: and he shall wash his clothes, and be clean. 7. But if the scab spread much abroad in the skin, after that he hath been seen of the priest for his cleansing, he shall be seen of the priest again. 8. And if the priest see that, behold, the scab spreadeth in the skin; then the priest shall pronounce him unclean: it is a leprosy. 9. "When the plague of leprosy is in a man, then he shall be brought unto the priest; 10. And the priest shall see him: and, behold, if the rising be white in the skin, and it have turned the hair white, and there be quick raw flesh in the rising, 11. It is an old leprosy in the skin of his flesh: and the priest shall pronounce him unclean, and shall not shut him up ; for he is unclean. 12. And if a leprosy break out alba macula, et in cute carnis ejus fuerit plaga leprse, ducetur ad Aharon sacerdotem, vel ad unum e filiis ejus sacerdotibus. 3. Tune videbit sacerdos plagam in cute carnis: quod si pilus in plaga versus fuerit in albedinem, et superficies plagte profundior fuerit cute carnis ejus, plaga leprse est, et post-quam viderit eum sacerdos judicabit ilium contaminatum, (vel, contamina-bit ilium.) 4. Quod si macula alba fuerit in cute carnis ejus, et profundior non fuerit aspectus ejus cute, nee pilus ejus versus fuerit in albedinem, in-cludet sacerdos plagam septem die-bus. 5. Postea videbit eum sacerdos die septimo: et si plaga fuerit sequa-lis coram oculis ejus, nee creverit plaga in cute, includet eum sacerdos septem diebus secundo. 6. Tune inspiciet sacerdos ipsum die septimo iterum, et si subnigra fuerit plaga, (vel, obscurius contracta,) nee creverit plaga in cute, tune mun-dum declarabit (vel, mundabit) eum sacerdos: scabies est: et lavabit vir vestimenta sua, et mundus erit. 7. Quod si crescendo creverit scabies in cute postquam ostensus fuerit sacerdoti in purgatione ejus, inspi-cietur secundo a sacerdote. 8. Ubi autem viderit sacerdos crescere scabiem in cute, immundum judicabit eum sacerdos, lepra est. 9. Quoties plaga leprse fuerit in homine, adducetur ad sacerdotem: 10. Et aspiciet sacerdos, et si tumor albus fuerit in cute, et muta-verit pilum in albedinem, et alimen-tum carnis vivse in tumore, 11. Lepra inveterata est in cute carnis ejus: ideoque contaminabit eum sacerdos, quia immundus est. 12. Sin germinando germinaverit 1ST COMMANDMENT. LAST I5OOKS CF THE PENTATEUCH. abroad in the skin, and the leprosy cover all the skin of him that hath the plague, from his head even to his foot, wheresoever the priest looketh; 13. Then the priest shall consider : and, behold, if the leprosy have covered all his flesh, he shall pronounce him clean that hath the plague; it is all turned while: he is clean. 14. But when raw flesh appeareth in him, he shall be unclean. 15. And the priest shall see the raw flesh, and pronounce him to be unclean; for the raw flesh is unclean : it is a leprosy. 16. Or if the raw flesh turn again, and be changed unto white, he shall come unto the priest; ] 7. And the priest shall see him: and, behold, if the plague be turned into white ; then the priest shall pronounce him clean that hath the plague: he is clean. 18. The flesh also, in which, even in the skin thereof, was a bile, and is healed, 19. And in the place of the bile there be a white rising, or a bright spot, white, and somewhat reddish, and it be shewed to the priest; 20. And if, when the priest seeth it, behold, it be in sight lower than the skin, and the hair thereof be turned white, the priest shall pronounce him unclean: it is a plague of leprosy broken out of the bile. 21. But if the priest look on it, and, behold, there be no white hairs therein, and if it be not lower than the skin, but be somewhat dark; then the priest shall shut him up seven days. 22. And if it spread much abroad in the skin, then the priest shall pronounce him unclean: it is a plague. 23. But if the bright spot stay in his place, and spread not, it is a burning bile; and the priest shall pronounce him clean. 24. Or if there be any flesh, in the skin whereof there is a hot burning, lepra in cute, et operuerit lepra to-tam cutem plagse, a capite ejus, et totum aspectum oculorum sacerdo- tis: 13. Tune inspiciet sacerdos, et si operuerit lepra totam carnem ejus, tune mundam judicabit plagam: ubi tota versa est in albedinem, mun-da est, (yel, mundus.) 14. Quo autem die visa fuerit in eo caro viva, immundus erit. 15. Et ubi viderit sacerdos carnem vivam, immundum judicabit ipsum, caro viva immunda est, lepra est. 16. Vel si re versa fuerit caro viva, et conversa in albedinem, tune veniet ad sacerdotem: 17. Et inspiciet sacerdos: et si versa fuerit plaga in albedinem, mundam judicabit sacerdos plagam illam: munda est. 18. Et si fuerit in cute carnis ali-cujus ulcus, (vel, pustula ardens,) et illud sanatum fuerit. 19. Et extiterit in loco ulceris tumor albus, aut macula alba sub-rufa, ostendetur sacerdoti: 20. Et quum inspexerit saeerdos, si pilus profundior. fuerit cute, et pilus conversus fuerit in albedinem, contaminabit eum sacerdos: quia plaga leprse est ex ulcere germin-ans. 21. Et si viderit earn sacerdos, et non fuerit in ea pilus albus, nee fuerit profundior cute, sed fuerit subobscura, tune ineludet eum sacerdos septem diebus. 22. Si vero crescendo creverit per cutem, immundum judicabit eum sacerdos: plaga est. 23. Si vero suo loco constiterit macula alba, nee creverit, adustio ulceris est: mundum (vel, mundam) judicabit eum sacerdos. 24. Quum fuerit caro in cujus cute erit adustio ignis, et in viva CALVIN .S HARMONY OF TUE FOUR LEV. XIII. and the quick flesh that burneth have a white bright spot, somewhat reddish, or white; 25. Then the priest shall look upon it: and, behold, if the hair in the bright spot be turned white, and it be in sight deeper than the skin, it is a leprosy broken out of the burning: wherefore the priest shall pronounce him unclean; it is the plague of leprosy. 26. But if the priest look on it, and, behold, there be no white hair in the bright spot, and it be no lower than the other skin, but be somewhat dark; then the priest shall shut him up seven days. 27. And the priest shall look upon him the seventh day: and if it be spread much abroad in the skin, then the priest shall pronounce him unclean ; it is the plague of leprosy. 28. And if the bright spot stay in his place, and spread not in the skin, but it be somewhat dark; it is a rising of the burning, and the priest shall pronounce him clean : for it is an inflammation of the burning. 29. If a man or woman have a plague upon the head or the beard; 30. Then the priest shall see the plague : and, behold, if it be in sight deeper than the skin, and there be in it a yellow thin hair; then the priest shall pronounce him unclean : it is a dry scall, even a leprosy upon the head or beard. 31. And if the priest look on the plague of the scall, and, behold, it be not in sight deeper than the skin, and that there is no black hair in it; then the priest shall shut up him that hath the plague of the scall seven days. 32. And in the seventh day the priest shall look on the plague: and, behold, if the scall spread not, and there be in it no yellow hair, and the scall be not in sight deeper than the skin; 33. He shall be shaven, but the scall shall he not shave; and the priest shall shut up him that hath the scall seven days more. came adustionis macula alba subru-fa, vel alba. 25. Inspiciet eum sacerdos: et, si versus fuerit pilus in albedinem in macula ilia, et superficies ejus fuerit profundior cute, lepra est in adus-tione germinans: ideo immundam judicabit earn sacerdos, plaga leprse est. 26. Quod si inspexerit earn sacerdos, et non fuerit in macula pilus albus, nee profundior cute, sed fuerit subnigra, includet eum sacerdos sep-tem diebus. 27. Postea inspiciet eum sacerdos die septimo : et si crescendo creverit in cute, immundam judicabit earn sacerdos, plaga leprse est. 28. Quod si in loco suo steterit macula, nee creverit per cutem, et eadem fuerit contracta, (vel, subnigra,) tumor adustionis est: ideo-que mundum judicabit eum sacerdos: quia ardor exustionis est. 29. Si viro aut mulieri exorta fuerit plaga in capite, aut in barba. 30. Tune inspiciet sacerdos plag-am : et si superficies ejus profundior erit cute, et fuerit in ea pilus flavus et tenuis, immundum judicabit sacerdos : macula nigra est, lepra capitis aut barbfe est. 31. Si autem inspexerit sacerdos plagam maculae nigrse, et superficies ejus non fuerit profundior cute, nee pilus niger in ea, includet sacerdos plagam maculse nigrse septem die-bus. 32. Et quum inspexerit sacerdos die septima, si non creverit macula ilia nigra, nee in ea fuerit pilus, et aspectus maculse nigra; non fuerit profundior cute : 33. Tune radetur, sed maculam nigram non radet, includetque sacerdos maculam nigram septem diebus secundo. 1ST COMMANDMENT. LAST BOOKS Oi' THE PENTATEUCH. 34. And in the seventh day the priest shall look on the scall: and, behold, if the scall be not spread in the skin, nor be in sight deeper than the skin ; then the priest shall pronounce him clean : and he shall wash his clothes, and be clean. 35. But if the scall spread much in the skin after his cleansing; 36. Then the priest shall look on him: and, behold, if the scall be spread in the skin, the priest shall not -seek for yellow hair; he is unclean. 37. But if the scall be in his sight at a stay, and that there is black hair grown up therein; the scall is healed, he is clean : and the priest shall pronounce him clean. 38. If a man also or a woman have in the skin of their flesh bright spots, even white bright spots; 39. Then the priest shall look: and, behold, if the bright spots in the skin of their flesh be darkish white; it is a freckled spot that groweth in the skin: he is clean. 40. And the man whose hair is fallen off his head, he is bald; yet is he clean. 41. And he that hath his hair fallen off from the part of his head toward his face, he is forehead bald: yet is he clean. 42. And if there be in the bald head, or bald forehead, a white reddish sore, it is a leprosy sprung up in his bald head, or his bald forehead. 43. Then the priest shall look upon it: and, behold, if the rising of the sore be white reddish in his bald head, or in his bald forehead, as the leprosy appeareth in the skin of the flesh, 44. He is a leprous man, he is unclean : the priest shall pronounce hin: utterly unclean; his plague is in his head. 45. And the leper in whom the plague is, his clothes shall be rent, and his head bare, and he shall put a covering upon his upper lip, and shall cry, Unclean, unclean. 34. Postea, inspiciet sacerdos ma-culam nigram die septima: et, si non creverit macula nigra in cute, nee superficies ejus profundior fuerit cute, mundum judicabit eum sacerdos : lavabitque vestimenta sua, et mundus erit. 35. Si autem crescendo creverit macula per cutem post purifica-tionem suam, 36. Tune inspiciet earn sacerdos : et, si creverit macula ilia in cute, non requiret ad examen sacerdos pilum flavum : immundus est. 37. Quod si in oculis ejus consti-terit macula, et pilus niger fuerit in ea, sanata est macula ilia, mundus est, et mundum judicabit eum sacerdos. 38. Quum in cute carnis viri aut mulieris fuerint macula?, maculse inquam albfe. 39. Inspiciet sacerdos, et, si in cute carnis eorum fuerint maculse albce, subnigne, {vel, contractse,) macula alba est quod floret in cute, mundus est. 40. Vir quum depilatum fuerit caput ejus, calvus est, mundus est. 41. Quod si ex parte faciei suse caput liabuerit depilatum, recalvas-ter est, mundus est. 42. Quod si in calvitio ejus aut parte depilata fuerit plaga alba, sub-rufa, lepra germinans est in calvitie, vel parte ejus depilata. 43. Aspiciet ergo eum sacerdos : et, si tumor plagse albus, rufus in calvitio ejus aut parte depilata, sicut species leprro in cute carnis, 44. Vir leprosus est, immundus est : contaminando contaminabit ilium sacerdos : in capite ejus est plaga ejus. 45. Leprosi autem in quo fuerit plaga ilia, vestimenta erunt scissa, et caput ejus nudum, et pilum labri operiet, et Immundus, immundus sum clamabit. 10 CALVIN S HARMONY OF THE FOUR LEV. XIII. 46. All the days wherein the plague shall be in him he shall be defiled ; he is unclean: he shall dwell .alone; without the camp shall his habitation be. 47. The garment also that the plague of leprosy is in, whether it be a woollen garment or a linen garment, 48. Whether it be in the warp or woof, of linen, or of woollen, whether in a skin, or in anything made of skin ; 49. And if the plague be greenish or reddish in the garment, or in the skin, either in the warp, or in the woof, or in any thing of skin ; it is a plague of leprosy, and shall be shewed unto the priest. 50. And the priest shall look upon the plague, and shut up it that hath the plague seven days. 51. And he shall look on the plague on the seventh day: if the plague be spread in the garment, either in the warp, or in the woof, or in a skin, or in any work that is made of skin, the plague is a fretting leprosy : it is unclean. 52. He shall therefore burn that garment, whether warp or woof, in woollen or in linen, or any thing of skin, wherein the plague is: for it is a fretting leprosy; it shall be burnt in the fire. 53. And if the priest shall look, and, behold, the plague be not spread in the garment, either in the warp, or in the woof, or in any thing of skin ; 54. Then the priest shall command that they wash the thing wherein the plague is, and he shall shut it up seven days more. 55. And the priest shall look on the plague, after that it is washed : and, behold, if the plague have not changed his colour, and the plague be not spread, it is unclean ; thou shalt burn it in the fire : it is fret inward, whether it be bare within or without. 56. And if the priest look, and, behold, the plague be somewhat dark 46. Cunctis diebus quibus fuerit plaga in eo, contaminabitur, immun-dus est: seorsum habitabit: extra castra mansio ejus erit. 47. Si in veste fuerit plaga leprce, in veste lanea, aut in veste linea, 48. Aut in stamine, aut in sub-tegmine ex lino, aut ex lana, aut in pelle, aut in quovis opere pelliceo : 49. Et fuerit plaga ilia viridis aut rufa in veste, aut in stamine, vel in subtegmine, vel in quovis opere pelliceo, plaga lepra est, ostendetur sacerdoti. 50. Et inspiciet sacerdos plagani, includetque plagam illam septem diebus. 51. Postea inspiciet plagam illam die septimo : si crevent plaga ilia per vestem, vel per subtegmen, vel pellem in omni opere pelliceo, lepra corrodentis plagre est, immunda est. 52. Comburetque vestem, vel stamen, vel subtegmen ex lana, vel ex lino, vel quodvis opus pelliceum in quo fuerit plaga ilia: quia lepra corrodens est, igni comburetur. 53. Quod si, ubi inspexerit sacerdos, ecce non creverit plaga ilia in veste, vel in stamine, vel in subtegmine, vel in quovis opere pelliceo. 54. Tune prascipiet sacerdos, et lavabunt id in quo est plaga: et re-cludet illud septem diebus secundo. 55. Inspiciet vero sacerdos, post-quam lotum fuerit, plagam illam : et, si non mutaverit plaga ilia colo-rem suum, nee plaga creverit, immunda est, igni combures illud : cor-rosio est in calvitio ejus vel in parte ejus depilata. 56. Quod si dum inspexerit sacerdos, ecce, subobscura fuerit plaga 1ST COMMANDMENT. LAST BOOKS OF THE PENTATEUCH. 1 1 after the washing of it; then he shall postquam lota fuit, abscindet earn e rend it out of the garment, or out of veste, vel e pelle, vel e stamine, vel the skin, or out of the warp, or out e subtegmine. of the woof. 57. And if it appear still in the 57. Quod si conspectafuerit ultra garment, either in the warp, or in in veste, vel in stamine, vel in sub-the woof, or in any thing of skin, it tegmine, vel in quovis opere pelliceo, is a spreading plague: thou shalt lepra germinans est, igni combures burn that wherein the plague is with illud in quo fuerit plaga ilia. fire. 58. And the garment, either warp 58. Vestis autem, sive stamen, or woof, or whatsoever thing of skin sive subtegmen, aut quodvis opus it be, which thou shalt wash, if the pelliceum quod laveris, si recesserit plague be departed from them, then ab eis plaga, lavabitur secundo, et it shall be washed the second time, mundum erit. and shall be clean. 59. This is the law of the plague 59. Hfec est lex leprre vestimenti of leprosy in a garment of woollen lanei, vel linei, vel staminis, vel sub-or linen, either in the warp or woof, tegminis, vel cujusvis operis pellicei, or any thing of skins, to pronounce ad judicandum illud mundum vel it clean, or to pronounce it unclean, immundum. Deut. xxiv. 8. Take heed in the plague of leprosy. I am aware liow greatly interpreters differ from each other, and how variously they twist whatever Moses has written about Lepeost. Some are too eagerly devoted to allegories ; some think that God, as a prudent Legislator, merely gave a commandment of a sanitary nature, in order that a contagious disease should not spread among the people. This notion, however, is very poor, and almost unmeaning ; and is briefly refuted by Moses himself, both where he recounts the history of Miriam's leprosy, and also where he assigns the cause why lepers should be put out of the camp, viz., that they might not defile the camp in which God dwells, whilst he ranks them with those that have an issue, and that are defiled by the dead. Wherefore, I have thought it well, previous to attempting the full elucidation of the matter, to adduce two passages, by way of preface, from whence the design of God may more fully appear. When, in this passage from Deuteronomy, He commands the people to " take heed," and " observe diligently" the plague of leprosy, there can be no question but that He thus ratifies what He had before set forth at greater length in Leviticus. And, first of all, He refers the judgment of the matter to the priests, that what they pronounce should be firm and unalterable; and, secondly, Ho would have the priests, lest they should pronounce rashly, 12 CALVIN'S HAllMONY OF THH FOUR NUMB. V. 2. and according to their own wishes, to follow simply what He prescribed to them, so that they may only be the ministers, or heralds; whilst, as to the sovereign authority, He alone should be the Judge. He confirms the law which He imposes by a special example; because He had cast out Miriam, the sister of Moses, for a time, lest her uncleanness during her leprosy should defile the camp. For the view which some take, that He exhorts the people lest, through sin, they should bring upon themselves the same evil as Miriam, is not to the purpose. But that which I have stated makes excellent sense, viz., that God's command, whereby He prohibited Miriam from entering the camp, was to have the force and weight of a perpetual law; because He thus ordained what He would always have done. Numb. v. 2. Command the children of Israel. This passage clearly shews that God, in desiring the lepers to be put out of the camp, was not acting as a physician by any means, and merely consulting the health of the people: but that by this external rite and ceremony He exercised them in the pursuit of purity; for, by joining with the lepers those who had an issue,1 and who were defiled by the dead, He instructs the people simply to keep away from all uncleanness. The reason, which follows, confirms this,Ч" that they defile not their camps, in the midst whereof He dwells." It is just as if He had said, that all the habitations of His elect people were parts of His sanctuary, which it was a shame to defile with any pollution. For we know what license men give themselves in corrupting2 the service of God, by mixing, as the proverb says, sacred things with profane. Thus we see that the very worst of men boast themselves to be anything but the least zealous of His worshippers, and spare not to lift up polluted hands, although God so sternly repudiates them. It was, then, profitable that the ancient people should be reminded by this visible proof, that all those who are defiled cannot duly serve God, but that they rather pollute with their filthiness what is otherwise holy, and thus grossly abuse religious exercises; and again, that they ought not to be tolerated in the holy congregation, lest their infection should 1 Seminifluos.ЧLot. " Brouiller et abastardir.ЧFr. 1ST COMMAHDMEHT. LAST BOOKS OF THE PENTATEUCH. 13 spread to others. Let us now briefly examine Leviticus xiii. Levit. xiii. 2. When a man shall have in the shin. Since every eruption was not the leprosy, and did not render a man unclean, when God appoints the priests to be the judges, He distinguishes by certain marks a common eruption from the leprosy; and then subjoins the difference between the various kinds of leprosy. For the disease was not always incurable; but only when the blood was altogether corrupted, so that the skin itself had become hardened by its corrosion, or swollen by its diseased state. This, then, must be observed in the first place, that the Greek and Latin word lepra, and the Hebrew fiSHX, tzaragnath, extend further than to the incurable disease, which medical men call elephantiasis^ both on account of the hardness of the skin, and also its mottled colour; not, however, that there is an entire agreement between the thickness of the man's skin and that of an elephant, but because this disease produces insensibility of the skin. This the Greeks call W