Contents
Table of Contents
Q. 1: What Sacred Doctrine Is, and What It Concerns
Art. 1: Whether Another Doctrine is Necessary, besides the Philosophical Sciences
Art. 2: Whether Sacred Doctrine is a Science
Whether Sacred Doctrine is a Single Science
Whether Sacred Doctrine is a Practical Science
Whether Sacred Doctrine is Nobler than other Sciences
Whether Sacred Doctrine is Wisdom
Art. 7: Whether God is the Subject of This Science
Whether Sacred Doctrine Proceeds by Argument
Whether Sacred Doctrine should Use Metaphors
Art. 10: Whether One Passage of Sacred Scripture may have Several Interpretations
Art. 1: Whether it is Self-Evident that God Exists
Q. 3: Of the Simple Nature of God
Art. 2: Whether there is Composition of Form and Matter in God
Whether God is the Same as his Essence, or Nature
Art. 4: Whether Essence and Existence are the Same in God
Whether God Belongs to a Genus
Whether there is any Accident in God
Whether God is Altogether Simple
Art. 8: Whether God Enters into the Composition of Other Things
Art. 1: Whether God is Perfect
Art. 2: Whether the Perfections of all Things are in God
Art. 1: Whether there is Love in God
Art. 2: Whether God Loves all Things
Q. 21: The Justice and Mercy of God
Art. 1: Whether there is Justice in God
Art. 2: Whether God's Justice is Truth
Art. 3: Whether there is Mercy in God
Art. 4: Whether Justice and Mercy are Present in all God’s Works
Art. 1: Whether Providence is Appropriately Ascribed to God
Art. 2: Whether All Things are under Divine Providence
Art. 3: Whether God Provides for All Things Directly
Art. 4: Whether Providence Imposes a Necessity on what it Provides
Art. 1: Whether Men are Predestined by God
Art. 2: Whether Predestination Implies Anything in the Predestined
Article 3: Whether God Rejects Any Man
Art. 4: Whether the Predestined are Chosen by God
Art. 5: Whether the Foreknowledge of Merits is the Cause of Predestination
Art. 6: Whether Predestination is Certain
Art. 7: Whether the Number of the Predestined is Certain
Art. 8: Whether Predestination can be Furthered by the Prayers of the Devout
Of Sin. Prima Secundae, Questions 82, 83
Q. 82: The Essence of Original Sin
Art. 1: Whether Original Sin is a Habit
Art. 2: Whether there are Many Original Sins in One Man
Treatise on Grace. Prima Secundae Questions 109—114.
Q. 109: Concerning the External Principle of Human Actions, That Is, the Grace of God
Art. 1: Whether a Man can Know any Truth without Grace
Art. 2: Whether a Man can Will or do Good without Grace
Art. 3: Whether a Man can Love God above All Things by His Natural Powers alone, without Grace
Art. 4: Whether a Man can fulfil the Commandments of the Law by His Natural Powers, without Grace
Art. 5: Whether a Man can Merit Eternal Life, without Grace
Art. 6: Whether without Grace a Man can Prepare Himself for Grace
Art. 7: Whether a Man can rise from Sin without the Help of Grace
Art. 8: Whether a Man can avoid Sin, without Grace
Art. 10: Whether a Man in Grace needs the help of Grace in order to Persevere
Q. 110: The Essence of God’s Grace
Art. 1: Whether Grace denotes Something in the Soul
Art. 2: Whether Grace is a Quality of the Soul
Art. 3: Whether Grace is the same as Virtue
Art. 4: Whether Grace is in the Soul’s Essence as its Subject, or in One of its Powers
Q. 111: The Divisions of Grace
Art. 1: Whether Grace is appropriately divided into Sanctifying Grace and Free Grace
Art. 2: Whether Grace is appropriately divided into Operative and Co-operative Grace
Art. 3: Whether Grace is Appropriately Divided into Prevenient and Subsequent Grace
Art. 4: Whether Free Grace is Appropriately Divided by the Apostle
Art. 1: Whether God is the Sole Cause of Grace
Art. 2: Whether a Preparation or Disposition for Grace is required on the part of man
Art. 1: Whether the Justification of the Ungodly is the Remission of Sins
Art. 3: Whether a Movement of the Free Will is required for the Justification of the Ungodly
Art. 4: Whether a Movement of Faith is reojuired for the Justification of the Ungodly
Art. 7: Whether the Justification of the Ungodly is achieved Instantaneously or Gradually
Art. 9: Whether the Justification of the Ungodly is the Greatest Work of God
Art. 10: Whether the Justification of the Ungodly is a Miracle
Q. 114: Concerning Merit, Which Is the Effect of Co-operative Grace
Art. 1: Whether a Man can Merit Anything from God
Art. 2: Whether One can Merit Eternal Life without Grace
Art. 3: Whether a Man in Grace can Merit Eternal Life Condignly
Art. 5: Whether a Man can Merit the First Grace for Himself
Art. 6: Whether a Man can Merit the First Grace for Another
Art. 7: Whether a Man can Merit His Restoration after a Lapse
Art. 8: Whether a Man can Merit an Increase of Grace or Charity
Treatise on the Theological Virtues
I. On Faith. Secunda Secundae, Questions 1–7
Art. 1: Whether the Object of Faith is the First Truth
Art. 2: Whether the Object of Faith is Something Complex, in the Form of a Proposition
Art. 3: Whether what is False can be Held in Faith
Art. 4: Whether the Object of Faith can be Something Seen
Art. 5: Whether the Things of Faith can be Known Scientifically
Art. 6: Whether Matters of Faith ought to be Divided into Certain Articles
Art. 7: Whether the Articles of Faith have Increased with the Passing of Time
Art. 8: Whether the Articles of Faith are appropriately Enumerated
Art. 9: Whether the Articles of Faith are appropriately Set Forth in a Symbol
Art. 10: Whether it is for the Chief Pontiff to Draw Up the Symbol of the Faith
Art. 1: Whether to Believe is to Think with Assent
Art. 3: Whether, for Salvation, it is Necessary to Believe Anything which is Beyond Natural Reason
Art. 4: Whether it is Necessary to Believe such Things as can be Proved by Natural Reason
Art. 5: Whether a Man is required to Believe Anything Explicitly
Art. 6: Whether all Men Equally are required to have Explicit Faith
Art. 8: Whether Explicit Belief in the Trinity is Necessary for Salvation
Art. 9: Whether to Believe is Meritorious
Art. 10: Whether a Reason in Support of the Things of Faith Diminishes the Merit of Faith
Q. 3: The Outward Act of Faith
Art. 1: Whether Confession is an Act of Faith
Art. 2: Whether Confession of Faith is Necessary for Salvation
Q. 4: The Virtue Itself of Faith
Art. 2: Whether Faith is in the Intellect as its Subject
Art. 3: Whether Charity is the Form of Faith
Art. 4: Whether Unformed Faith can become Formed, or Vice Versa
Art. 5: Whether Faith is a Virtue
Art. 6: Whether Faith is a Single Virtue
Art. 7: Whether Faith is the First of the Virtues
Art. 8: Whether Faith is more Certain than Science and the Other Intellectual Virtues
II. On Hope. Secunda Secundae, Questions 17—21
Q. 17: Of Hope Considered in Itself
Art. 1: Whether Hope is a Virtue
Art. 2: Whether Eternal Blessedness is the Proper Object of Hope
Art. 3: Whether One can Hope for the Eternal Blessedness of Another
Art. 4: Whether One may Lawfully Hope in Man
Art. 5: Whether Hope is a Theological Virtue
Art. 6: Whether Hope is Distinct from the other Theological Virtues
Art. 1: Whether God can be Feared
Art. 2: Whether Fear is appropriately Divided into Filial, Initial, Servile, and Worldly Fear
Art. 3: Whether Worldly Fear is always Evil
Art. 4: Whether Servile Fear is Good
Art. 5: Whether Servile Fear is substantially the Same as Filial Fear
Art. 6: Whether Servile Fear Remains when Charity is Present
Art. 7: Whether Fear is the Beginning of Wisdom
Art. 8: Whether Initial Fear Differs Substantially from Filial Fear
Art. 9: Whether Fear is a Gift of the Holy Spirit
Art. 10: Whether Fear Diminishes as Charity Increases
Art. 11: Whether Fear Remains in Heaven
Art. 12: Whether Poverty of Spirit is the Beatitude which Corresponds to the Gift of Fear
III. On Charity. Secunda Secundae. Questions 23, 27.
Q. 23: Of Charity, Considered in Itself
Art. 1: Whether Charity is Friendship
Art. 2: Whether Charity is Something Created in the Soul
Art. 3: Whether Charity is a Virtue
Art. 4: Whether Charity is a Specific Virtue
Art. 5: Whether Charity is a Single Virtue
Art. 6: Whether Charity is the Most Excellent of the Virtues
Art. 7: Whether there can be any True Virtue without Charity
Q. 27: Of the Principal Act of Charity, Which Is to Love
Art. 1: Whether to be Loved is More Proper to Charity than to Love
Art. 2: Whether the Love which is an Act of Charity is the Same as Benevolence
Art. 3: Whether by Charity God is to be Loved on Account of Himself
Art. 4: Whether God can be Loved Immediately in this Life
Art. 5: Whether God can be Loved Wholly
Art. 6: Whether Love to God ought to have a Mode
Art. 7: Whether it is more Meritorious to Love an Enemy than to Love a Friend
Art. 8: Whether it is more Meritorious to Love One’s Neighbour than to Love God